Winter decomposition of transgenic cotton residue in conventional-till and no-till systems

Lachnicht, Sharon L.; Hendrix, Paul F.; Potter, Robert; Coleman, David C.; Crossley, D. A.

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.05.001

Cited by 41 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Experiments with large mesh bags represent most accurately what happens in a natural field situation as they allow the whole soil invertebrate community to enter the litterbags and interact with each other. Our results are also in agreement with Lachnicht et al (2004) who found that Bt and non-Bt cotton decomposed similarly in the field. In contrast, we found that Bt maize decomposed faster than non-Bt maize in medium mesh bags, although when comparing single dates this was significant only for November.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 96%

Field decomposition of transgenic Bt maize residue and the impact on non-target soil invertebrates

2007

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Genetically modified Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) maize (Zea mays L.) expressing Cry toxins against various target pests is now grown on more than 16 million hectares worldwide, but its potential effects on the soil ecosystem need to be further investigated. In an 8-month field study, we investigated the effects of Bt maize expressing the Cry1Ab protein on both the soil community and maize residue decomposition. We used litterbags with three different mesh sizes (20, 125, and 5,000 μm) to investigate potential effects of different soil organism groups on the decomposition processes. Litterbags were incorporated into the soil in fall into a field that had previously been planted with non-Bt maize and subsamples were removed monthly. The dry weight of the remaining residue was measured for all bags. Bt and non-Bt maize decomposed similarly in large mesh bags, which allowed the whole soil organism community to enter and interact with each other. In contrast, Bt maize decomposed significantly faster than non-Bt maize at some sample dates in winter in bags with small and medium mesh sizes. At the end of the experiment in late spring, however, there was no significant difference in the amount of maize plant residues remaining for any of these three mesh sizes. Additionally, soil organisms from bags with the largest mesh size were identified. The most frequent taxa extracted were collembolans (Isotomidae, Tullbergiidae, Entomobryidae), mites (Gamasina, Oribatida), and annelids (Enchytraeidae). Three of these taxa were extracted in higher numbers from non-Bt than Bt residue (Tullbergiidae, Gamasina, Enchytraeidae), while there was no difference in the number of individuals extracted for the remaining three taxa. Our results do not show major changes in the decomposition of Bt maize residue and in the composition of the soil organism community. However, further studies are needed that assess the impact of the continuous release of Cry1Ab via root exudates and plant biomass on the soil ecosystem.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 96%

Field decomposition of transgenic Bt maize residue and the impact on non-target soil invertebrates

2007

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“…Coviella et al (2000) showed no significant differences in N content of Bt cotton from that of non-Bt cotton. Lachnicht et al (2004) found that there was no substantial difference in nutrient content of the materials between Bt cotton and non-Bt cotton. Based on these findings, it is reasonable for Bt cotton to exert no apparent adverse impact on soil fauna.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Bt cotton planting does not affect the community characteristics of rhizosphere soil nematodes

Yang

Chen

Liu

et al. 2014

Applied Soil Ecology

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“…This result is in agreement with Coviella et al (2000) who reported an undefined trend in the change of N content in Bt and non-Bt cotton. On the other hand, Lachnicht (2004) reported a decrease in % C as Bt cotton litter decomposed while % N remained unchanged; this was also observed by Donegan et al (1997). A decrease in % C has also been reported in decomposition studies of transgenic rice (Kimura et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Nematode diversity in soil from a field trial with decomposing Bt cotton expressing Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab2 protein

Karuri

Amata

Amugune

et al. 2013

Span. j. agric. res.

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The quality of decomposing plant materials may affect the soil community structure. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of decomposing Bt cotton and its isoline on soil nematode diversity. Bt cotton (06Z604D), isoline (99M03) and HART 89M (local non-Bt cotton cultivar) were planted for two seasons in a completely randomized block design in a confined field trial at Mwea, Kenya. After harvest the plant material was incorporated into soil and the nematode diversity was determined. The presence of Bt protein was evaluated using ELISA and insect bioassays. Abundance of bacteria feeding nematodes was significantly (p < 0.05) high but to a smaller extent in the Bt cotton plots (53.7% and 52% in the first and second season respectively) than in isoline (42.8% and 45% in the first and second season respectively). Insect bioassays detected Bt protein in the Bt cotton plots during the entire decomposition period in both seasons. There were no significant differences in nematode trophic groups composition between isoline and HART 89M. The effect of Cry2Ab2 and Cry1Ac protein in decomposing Bt cotton litter on soil nematodes was minimal. The study provides a basis for future studies on the impact of genetically engineered plants on soil nematodes in Kenyan agroecosystems.

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Winter decomposition of transgenic cotton residue in conventional-till and no-till systems

Cited by 41 publications

References 23 publications

Field decomposition of transgenic Bt maize residue and the impact on non-target soil invertebrates

Field decomposition of transgenic Bt maize residue and the impact on non-target soil invertebrates

Bt cotton planting does not affect the community characteristics of rhizosphere soil nematodes

Nematode diversity in soil from a field trial with decomposing Bt cotton expressing Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab2 protein

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