Wind-Direction Mapping With a Modified Wind Spreading Function by Broad-Beam High-Frequency Radar

Zeng, Yuming; Zhou, Hao; Lai, Yeping; Wen, Biyang

doi:10.1109/lgrs.2018.2809558

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The first numerical model to extract the wind direction from HFr backscatter was suggested by Long and Trizna [10]. In recent decades, different research groups developed algorithms for the extraction of wind direction [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18], including also a neural network method [19] applied for wind field inversion. To date, however, no robust algorithms for a reliable measurement of wind speed are available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind Direction Data from a Coastal HF Radar System in the Gulf of Naples (Central Mediterranean Sea)

et al. 2021

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Results on the accuracy of SeaSonde High Frequency (HF) radar wind direction measurements in the Gulf of Naples (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Central Mediterranean Sea) are here presented. The investigation was carried out for a winter period (2th February–6th March) and for one summer month (August) of the reference year 2009. HF radar measurements were compared with in situ recordings from a weather station and with model data, with the aim of resolving both small scale and large scale dynamics. The analysis of the overall performance of the HF radar system in the Gulf of Naples shows that the data are reliable when the wind speed exceeds a 5 m/s threshold. Despite such a limitation, this study confirms the potentialities of these systems as monitoring platforms in coastal areas and suggests further efforts towards their improvement.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind Direction Data from a Coastal HF Radar System in the Gulf of Naples (Central Mediterranean Sea)

et al. 2021

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“…Stewart and Barnum [3] suggested using a half-cosine 2s-power directional model, cos 2s (θ/2), in the case of the assumption that there is no energy propagating in a direction against the wind, whereas it is always possible to observe both first-order Bragg peaks even when the wind is blowing along the radar beam. Tyler et al [4] added a minor constant to the half-cosine function, and Zeng et al [5] presented a modified method based on Tyler's work using broad-beam radar data. The hyperbolic secant function 0.5βsech 2 (βθ) model was found to provide a better agreement than the half-cosine type [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind Direction Inversion from Narrow-Beam HF Radar Backscatter Signals in Low and High Wind Conditions at Different Radar Frequencies

Shen

Gurgel

2018

Remote Sensing

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Land-based, high-frequency (HF) surface wave radar has the unique capability of monitoring coastal surface parameters, such as current, waves, and wind, up to 200 km off the coast. The Doppler spectrum of the backscattered radar signal is characterized by two strong peaks that are caused by the Bragg-resonant scattering from the ocean surface. The wavelength of Bragg resonant waves is exactly half the radio wavelength (grazing incidence), and these waves are located at the higher frequency part of the wave spectral distribution. When HF radar operates at higher frequencies, the resonant waves are relatively shorter waves, which are more sensitive to a change in wind direction, and they rapidly respond to local wind excitation and a change in wind direction. When the radar operates at lower frequencies, the corresponding resonant waves are relatively longer and take longer time to respond to a change in wind direction due to the progress of wave growth from short waves to long waves. For the wind inversion from HF radar backscatter signals, the accuracy of wind measurement is also relevant to radar frequency. In this paper, a pattern-fitting method for extracting wind direction by estimating the wave spreading parameter is presented, and a comparison of the pattern-fitting method and a conventional method is given as well, which concludes that the pattern-fitting method presents better results than the conventional method. In order to analyze the wind direction inversion from radar backscatter signals under different wind conditions and at different radar frequencies, two radar experiments accomplished in Norway and Italy are introduced, and the results of wind direction inversion are presented. In the two experiments, the radar worked at 27.68 MHz and 12 MHz, respectively, and the wind conditions at the sea surface were quite different. In the experiment in Norway, 67.4% of the wind records were higher than 5 m/s, while, in the experiment in Italy, only 18.9% of the wind records were higher than 5 m/s. All these factors affect the accuracy of wind direction inversion. The paper analyzes the radar data and draws a conclusion on the influencing factor of wind direction inversion.

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“…For shore-to-air bistatic HF radar, a similar phenomenon occurs, in which the two Bragg peaks do not carry similar amounts of energy when wind direction is not perpendicular to the direction of the Bragg wave. Some researchers have used the ratio of the left and right first-order Bragg peaks to estimate wind direction [38][39][40].…”

Section: Simulation Results and Analysis Of The Echo Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

The Scattering Coefficient for Shore-to-Air Bistatic High Frequency (HF) Radar Configurations as Applied to Ocean Observations

Chen

Zhao

et al. 2019

Remote Sensing

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To extend the scope of high frequency (HF) radio oceanography, a new HF radar model, named shore-to-air bistatic HF radar, has been proposed for ocean observations. To explore this model, the first-order scattering coefficient and the second-order electromagnetic scattering coefficient for shore-to-air bistatic HF radar are derived using the perturbation method. In conjunction with the contribution of the hydrodynamic component, the second-order scattering coefficient is derived. Based on the derived scattering coefficients, we analyzed the simulated echo Doppler spectra for various scattering angles and azimuthal angles, operation frequencies, wind speeds, and directions of wind, which may provide the guideline on the extraction of sea state information for shore-to-air bistatic HF radar. The singularities in the simulated echo Doppler spectra are discussed using the normalized constant Doppler frequency contours. In addition, the scattering coefficients of shore-to-air bistatic HF radar are compared with that of monostatic HF radar and land-based bistatic HF radar. The results verify the correctness of the proposed scattering coefficients. The model of shore-to-air bistatic HF radar is effective for ocean observations.

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Wind-Direction Mapping With a Modified Wind Spreading Function by Broad-Beam High-Frequency Radar

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Wind Direction Data from a Coastal HF Radar System in the Gulf of Naples (Central Mediterranean Sea)

Wind Direction Data from a Coastal HF Radar System in the Gulf of Naples (Central Mediterranean Sea)

Wind Direction Inversion from Narrow-Beam HF Radar Backscatter Signals in Low and High Wind Conditions at Different Radar Frequencies

The Scattering Coefficient for Shore-to-Air Bistatic High Frequency (HF) Radar Configurations as Applied to Ocean Observations

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