Wildlife, Exotic Pets, and Emerging Zoonoses1

Chomel, Bruno B; Belotto, Albino; Meslin, F. X.

doi:10.3201/eid1301.060480

Cited by 435 publications

(352 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Embora E. coli e as bactérias do gênero Staphylococcus possam causar intoxicação alimentar, as bactérias do gênero Salmonella são as mais freqüentemente isoladas de surtos (Chomel et al 2007). Aves silvestres podem servir de reservatórios dessa bactéria, como foi observado na Noruega em um surto de salmonelose em humanos associado às aves aquáticas (Refsum et al 2002).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Microbiota cloacal aeróbia de cracídeos cativos no Rio Grande do Sul e sua susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos

et al. 2010

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Cracids are wildlife Galliformes which inhabits the America's tropical forests. Fifty one cloacal swabs were collected from 10 different species of captive cracids from the Rio Grande do Sul State during 2007. The cloacal swab samples were submitted to bacterial isolation, identification and, subsequently; antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Ninety three bacterial isolates were obtained from the cracid population examined. The most prevalent among the isolates were Escherichia coli, and bacteria from the Staphylococcus and Streptococcus genera. All samples tested in this study were negative for Salmonella spp. The antimicrobial susceptibility tests showed that none of the 93 strains presented resistance to the antimicrobial imipinem. In addition, the lower percentages of resistance were observed against cloranfenicol and ciprofloxacine. The bacteria genus and species with the highest percentage of resistance to the different antimicrobials examined were E. coli, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. In conclusion, the data presented in this article demonstrate that the cloacal microbiota of the reported cracid population is composed of several bacterial genera and species and multi-drug resistance may be a problem for the future, since some strains showed elevated percentage of resistance against several different antimicrobials.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Microbiota cloacal aeróbia de cracídeos cativos no Rio Grande do Sul e sua susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos

et al. 2010

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“…Experimental infection mirrored lethal human cases with pulmonary hemorrhages, liver necrosis, and tubular nephritis in marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus), and an outbreak of pulmonary hemorrhage spreaded among naturally infected capuchin monkeys in a wildlife rehabilitation center in Colombia (Pereira et al 2005). There is a significant public health concern associated with illegal wildlife ownership, as wild animals are estimated to be the source of over 70% of all emerging infections (Chomel et al 2007). Seroprevalence of antileptospiral antibodies in Neotropical primates from zoos in Latin America or from wildlife is variable, partly due to the diverse species studied and the different cutoffs employed (Table 1 and 2) (Baulu et al 1987, Kessler & Everard 1988, Perolat et al 1992 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of leptospiral exposure in neotropical primatesrescued from illegal trade and a Zoo in Bahia, Brazil

et al. 2016

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Few studies have compared the seroprevalence of antileptospiral agglutinins with the demonstration of urinary shedding of leptospires or evidence of active infection in the bloodstreams of non-human primates. The study population consists of 58 animals, including d 42 monkeys from the Zoological Park of Salvador (Parque Zoobotânico Getúlio Vargas), Bahia, Brazil. The study also evaluated 16 primates (Cebus sp.) rescued from illegal trade that were housed in the Wildlife Rehabilitation Center of Salvador (CETAS), Bahia, Brazil. The seroprevalence of antileptospiral antibodies was low (2%) in the animals from the Zoo. A higher rate (31%) was observed among the animals that were rescued from illegal trade in the state of Bahia. Even if all the blood and urine samples were negative for leptospiral DNA fragments, the high frequency of serological evidence of exposure suggests a potential risk of leptospirosis transmission when keeping these animals as pets.INDEX TERMS: Leptospirosis, Leptospira, Primates.rEsUMO.-[Indícios de exposição a leptospiras em primatas neotropicais resgatados do comércio ilegal e de um Zoológico da Bahia.] Poucos estudos compararam a soroprevalência de aglutininas antileptospira com a demonstração de excreção urinária de leptospiras ou evidên-cia de infecção ativa em primatas não humanos. A população estudada consistiu em 58 animais, sendo 42 primatas do Parque Zoobotânico Getúlio Vargas, Bahia, Brasil. O estudo avaliou ainda 16 primatas (Cebus sp.) resgatados do tráfico ilegal e abrigados no Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres Chico Mendes, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. A soroprevalên-cia de anticorpos antileptospira foi baixa (2%) nos animais do Zoológico. Uma taxa mais elevada (31%) foi observada nos animais resgatados do tráfico ilegal. Mesmo que todas as amostras de sangue e urina tenham sido negativas para DNA de leptospiras, a alta frequência de evidência de exposição nos animais de origem selvagem indicam o risco potencial da adoção de primatas como animais de estimação.

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“…Nowhere is this more evident than in South and Southeast Asia, where the world's densest human populations are situated close to some of the planet's richest reservoirs of biodiversity (3). Nonhuman primates fi gure prominently as potential sources of emerging human pathogens (4).…”

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confidence: 99%

Diverse Contexts of Zoonotic Transmission of Simian Foamy Viruses in Asia

Jones‐Engel

May

Engel

et al. 2008

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

105

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In Asia, contact between persons and nonhuman primates is widespread in multiple occupational and nonoccupational contexts. Simian foamy viruses (SFVs) are retroviruses that are prevalent in all species of nonhuman primates. To determine SFV prevalence in humans, we tested 305 persons who lived or worked around nonhuman primates in several South and Southeast Asian countries; 8 (2.6%) were confi rmed SFV positive by Western blot and, for some, by PCR. The interspecies interactions that likely resulted in virus transmission were diverse; 5 macaque taxa were implicated as the source of infection. Phylogenetic analysis showed that SFV from 3 infected persons was similar to that from the nonhuman primate populations with which the infected persons reported contact. Thus, SFV infections are likely to be prevalent among persons who live or work near nonhuman primates in Asia.

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Wildlife, Exotic Pets, and Emerging Zoonoses1

Abstract: Wildlife and exotic pets represent large reservoirs for emerging zoonoses.

Cited by 435 publications

References 40 publications

Microbiota cloacal aeróbia de cracídeos cativos no Rio Grande do Sul e sua susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos

Microbiota cloacal aeróbia de cracídeos cativos no Rio Grande do Sul e sua susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos

Evidence of leptospiral exposure in neotropical primatesrescued from illegal trade and a Zoo in Bahia, Brazil

Diverse Contexts of Zoonotic Transmission of Simian Foamy Viruses in Asia

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