Why are people with asthma more susceptible to influenza?

Wark, Peter

doi:10.1183/13993003.01748-2019

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Thus, the risk of PB is significantly increased in children with influenza complicated with asthma. 11,12 In this paper, the two cases did not receive the correct treatment for asthma. Wheezing symptoms usually occur following exposure to allergens or infection, and when wheezing and dyspnea occur together, they are initially considered to indicate an acute asthma attack.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Plastic bronchitis associated with influenza A virus in children with asthma

Wang

2021

J Int Med Res

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Plastic bronchitis (PB) is a rare and potentially fatal disease characterized by acute progressive dyspnea caused by bronchial casts in the bronchial tree. We analyzed two children with asthma and PB who presented with high fever, cough and dyspnea. Both cases showed acute onset and rapid disease progression. Laboratory examination revealed that both children were infected with influenza A virus. Emergency fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed within 20 hours of admission. Immediately after removing the bronchial casts, their dyspnea symptoms improved significantly, and they recovered after comprehensive treatment with antiviral drugs, antibiotics and glucocorticoids. When children with asthma have acute progressive and difficult-to-relieve dyspnea after infection with influenza A virus, clinicians should be aware of the possibility of PB and perform bronchoscopy as soon as possible to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment and improve patient prognosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Thus, the risk of PB is significantly increased in children with influenza complicated with asthma. 11 , 12 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic bronchitis associated with influenza A virus in children with asthma

Wang

2021

J Int Med Res

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“…This is especially evident in weak type 1 inflammation-inducing viruses such as RV and RSV (Kling et al, 2005;Wood et al, 2011;Ravi et al, 2019). Additionally, there are also evidence of reduced type I (IFNβ) and III (IFNλ) interferon production due to type 2-skewed inflammation, which contributes to imperfect clearance of the virus resulting in persistence of viral components, or the live virus in the airway epithelium (Contoli et al, 2006;Hwang et al, 2019;Wark, 2019). Due to the viral components remaining in the airway, antiviral genes such as type I interferons, inflammasome activating factors and cytokines remained activated resulting in prolong airway inflammation (Wood et al, 2011;Essaidi-Laziosi et al, 2018).…”

Section: Increase Viral Susceptibility and Prolong Activation Of Inflmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Viral Infections in Exacerbation of Chronic Airway Inflammatory Diseases: Novel Mechanisms and Insights From the Upper Airway Epithelium

Tan

Lim

Liu

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Respiratory virus infection is one of the major sources of exacerbation of chronic airway inflammatory diseases. These exacerbations are associated with high morbidity and even mortality worldwide. The current understanding on viral-induced exacerbations is that viral infection increases airway inflammation which aggravates disease symptoms. Recent advances in in vitro air-liquid interface 3D cultures, organoid cultures and the use of novel human and animal challenge models have evoked new understandings as to the mechanisms of viral exacerbations. In this review, we will focus on recent novel findings that elucidate how respiratory viral infections alter the epithelial barrier in the airways, the upper airway microbial environment, epigenetic modifications including miRNA modulation, and other changes in immune responses throughout the upper and lower airways. First, we reviewed the prevalence of different respiratory viral infections in causing exacerbations in chronic airway inflammatory diseases. Subsequently we also summarized how recent models have expanded our appreciation of the mechanisms of viral-induced exacerbations. Further we highlighted the importance of the virome within the airway microbiome environment and its impact on subsequent bacterial infection. This review consolidates the understanding of viral induced exacerbation in chronic airway inflammatory diseases and indicates pathways that may be targeted for more effective management of chronic inflammatory diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Subjects with asthma are more susceptible to influenza infection due to impaired antiviral immunity. 5,6 Consequently, asthmatics are at increased risk of acute exacerbation, often leading to hospitalization, attributable to influenza infection. 7,8 Although there are antiviral treatments for influenza infection, vaccination is the most effective TherapeuTic advances in chronic disease strategy for coping with influenza.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and factors associated with influenza vaccination in subjects with asthma: analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2010 and 2019

Kim

Park

Jung

et al. 2022

Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease

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Background: Despite the importance of influenza vaccination, its rates in subjects with asthma are suboptimal, especially in the young population. Methods: Among 72,843 adults aged ⩾18 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2010 and 2019, 1643 with asthma were included. The yearly trends and factors associated with influenza vaccination were analyzed in subjects with asthma. In addition, stratified analyses were performed by age group (<65 versus ⩾65 years). Results: During the study period, the overall influenza vaccination rate among subjects with asthma fluctuated from 51.0% to 64.3%, with a consistently higher vaccination rate in elderly subjects than in young subjects. Among young subjects with asthma, factors positively associated with influenza vaccination were female sex [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.11–2.49], current asthma being treated (aOR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.14–2.50), history of pulmonary tuberculosis (aOR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.04–3.87), and dyslipidemia (aOR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.05–3.30). However, unmarried subjects showed an inverse relationship (aOR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.34–0.75). In elderly subjects, unmarried status (aOR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.29–0.94), being underweight (aOR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.09–0.97), and having a low income (aOR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.18–0.97) were factors negatively associated with influenza vaccination. Conclusion: In the last 10 years, influenza vaccination rates have still been insufficient in subjects with asthma, particularly in young subjects. Considering the factors that are influencing the vaccination rates of young subjects, public policies to increase influenza vaccination rates in subjects with asthma need to be established urgently.

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Why are people with asthma more susceptible to influenza?

Abstract: The effect of viruses such as influenza on asthma exacerbations is not the result of either exaggerated type 1 or 2 immune responses in those with asthma.

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Plastic bronchitis associated with influenza A virus in children with asthma

Plastic bronchitis associated with influenza A virus in children with asthma

Respiratory Viral Infections in Exacerbation of Chronic Airway Inflammatory Diseases: Novel Mechanisms and Insights From the Upper Airway Epithelium

Trends and factors associated with influenza vaccination in subjects with asthma: analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2010 and 2019

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