The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between variations in skin humidity (SH) induced by perspiration across Sasang types and to identify novel and effective Sasang classification factors. We also analyzed the responses of each Sasang type to sweating-related QSCC II items. The results revealed a significant difference in SH across gender and significant differences in SH before and after perspiration between Tae-Eum and So-Eum men. In addition, Tae-Eum women showed significant differences in SH compared with women classified as another Sasang type. Furthermore, evaluation of the items related to sweating in the QSCC II and their relationship to each constitution revealed a significant difference between Tae-Eum and other Sasang types. Overall, the results of this study indicate that there is a distinct SH difference following perspiration between Tae-Eum and other Sasang types. Such findings may aid in Sasang typology diagnostic testing with the support of further sophisticated clinical studies.
Biweekly PRP (1,200-1,600 spots) had no effect on visual acuity in patients with severe DR without macular edema, which was determined by clinical and optical coherence tomography examination, although mild macular thickening frequently persists.
Background
When assessing long-term tuberculosis (TB) mortality, few studies addressed the impact of behavior habits and socioeconomic status. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate long-term TB mortality and risk factors while accounting for potential confounders.
Methods
This cohort study included TB survivors (n = 82,098) aged≥20 years between 2010 and 2017, and 1:1 age- and sex-matched controls (n = 82,098). The participants were followed up for death 1 year after study enrollment until December 2018. Long-term mortality was adjusted for behavior habits (smoking, alcohol consumption, or exercise), income level, body mass index (BMI), and comorbidities.
Results
During a median of 3.7 years of follow-up, the incidence rate of mortality was significantly higher in TB survivors than those in the matched controls (18.2 vs. 8.8 per 1,000 person-years, P < .001). Even after adjusting for potential confounders, the mortality risk was 1.62-fold (95% confidence interval [CI]:1.54–1.70) higher in TB survivors than those in the matched controls. In addition, the hazard of mortality in TB survivors relative to matched controls significantly increased in participants aged≥30 years, with the highest risk in those in their 40s. Male sex (adjusted hazard ratio [HR][95% CI]:2.31[2.16–2.47]), smoking packs per year (1.005[1.004–1.006]), heavy alcohol consumption (1.12[1.01–1.23]), and lowest income (1.27[1.18–1.37]) were positively associated with increased hazards for mortality, while higher BMI (0.91[0.90–0.92]) and regular exercise (0.82[0.76–0.88]) reduced the hazards of long-term mortality in TB survivors.
Conclusions
The long-term mortality risk was significantly higher in TB survivors than those in the matched controls, even after adjusting for potential confounders.
Human disease network analysis using claims data enriches the understanding of human diseases and provides new insights into disease-disease associations that can be useful in future research.
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