White blood-cell count and the risk of impaired fasting glucose or Type II diabetes in middle-aged Japanese men

Abstract

Considerable research has been done on factors that influence the development of Type II (non-insulindependent) diabetes mellitus. Age, family history of diabetes, obesity, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, reduced physical activity, hypertension and dyslipidaemia have been confirmed as important predictors of Type II diabetes mellitus [1±11]. More recently, markers of low-grade inflammation have been shown to predict the occurrence of Type II diabetes mellitus [12,13]. Concentrations of inflammatory markers and mediators of inflammation ± cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a and interleukin (IL)-6 ± are higher in patients with Type II diabetes mellitus, particularly in those with features of insulin resistance [14±16]. White blood cells (WBCs), another major component of the inflammatory process, are increased by cytokines, especially Diabetologia (2002) Abstract Aims/hypothesis. To investigate the association between white blood-cell (WBC) count and the development of diabetes, independent of cigarette smoking. Methods. We examined 2953 Japanese men who were office workers and between 35 and 59 years of age and who did not have impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (a fasting glucose concentration of 6.1±6.9 mmol/l), Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (a fasting glucose concentration of ³ 7.0 mmol/l or more or receipt of hypoglycaemic medication), medication for hypertension, and a history of cardiovascular disease. Fasting glucose concentrations were measured at annual health examinations from May 1994 through May 2000. Results. After controlling for potential predictors of diabetes, the relative risk for IFG or Type II diabetes mellitus compared with a WBC count of less than 5.3´10 9 cells/l was 1.2 (95 %-CI, 0.6±2.3), 1.6 (CI, 0.8±3

Daily life activity and risk of developing impaired fasting glucose or Type 2 diabetes in middle-aged Japanese men

“…The participants were asked to fast for at least 8 h and to avoid smoking and heavy physical activity for more than 2 h before the examinations. Blood samples were drawn from an antecubital vein, and glucose was measured with the hexokinaseglucose dehydrogenase method [16,17]. Quality control of the laboratory was internal, and the coefficients of variation between and within assays for plasma glucose were no more than 3% during the study period.…”

“…After a 5-min rest in a quiet room, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer, placing the cuff on the right arm. The levels of serum total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides were determined using standard laboratory procedures [16,17]. A 1-day activity record during an ordinary weekday was designed to estimate energy expenditure.…”

Leukocyte Count as Chronic Inflammation Markers in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

“…11 Benzer sonuçlar beyazlar, Pima kızıl deriler, Asyalı Hintliler ve Japonlarla yapılan çalışmalarda da bulunmasına rağmen kardiyovasküler sağlık çalışmasında glukoz metabolizma hastalıklarının gelişmesi ile lökosit sayısı arasında bağlantı bulunmamıştır. [20][21][22][23][24] Orta yaşlı ve yaşlı Çinlilerde yapılmış çalışmada ise artmış lökosit sayısı insülin glukoz oranı (IGR) ve T2DM için bağımsız risk faktörü olarak bulunmuştur. 25 T2DM hastalarında lökosit sayısının arttığı belirtilmesine rağmen altında yatan mekanizma tam net değildir, kısmen insülin direnci sorumlu tutulmaktadır.…”

Metabolic Syndrome and Risk of Isolated ST-T Abnormalities and Type 2 Diabetes in Japanese Male Office Workers

“…Information about the components of the MS (i.e., obesity, high blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol level, and high plasma glucose level) is obtained at intervals from persons who undergo periodic health examinations at the workplace. Although it is still being debated whether the association of WBC count with CHD and type 2 diabetes is independent of or mediated by the presence of concomitant risk factors for CHD and type 2 diabetes, primarily cigarette smoking, recent studies have documented the WBC count as an independent risk factor for CHD and type 2 diabetes even when potential confounders are taken into account [9][10][11][12] . While traditionally used as an indication of current infection, a WBC count may be an important addition to risk assessment at annual health examinations.…”

“…Indeed, BMI has been recently adopted instead of waist circumference for analyses of the MS 7,8) . Furthermore, markers of low-grade inflammation have been shown to be predictive of the occurrence of CHD and diabetes [7][8][9][10][11][12] . Because the main factors associated with white blood cell (WBC) count (i.e., glucose tolerance, obesity, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL cholesterol) are identical to the components of the MS 13,14) and WBC count is positively associated with both insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia [14][15][16] , it has been postulated that an increase in the WBC count could be the expression of an insulin-resistant state or involvement of the MS.…”