White adipose tissue browning: A novel and effective therapeutic strategy and approach for type 2 diabetes

Li, Guosheng; Liu, Xuhan; Mu, Jinglei; Xu, Qingyan; Meng, Qingmin; Zhang, Lizhi; Lu, Feng; Shi, Changhong; Zhang, Pengxin; Wang, Huali

doi:10.15761/du.1000112

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Beyond the effects of body fat distribution, the literature also distinguishes between the different subtypes of the adipose tissue as these may have different metabolic functions and play different roles in glucose homeostasis [ 59 ]. While white adipose tissue is generally involved in energy storage and associated with the inflammatory response that is responsible for the dysregulation of glucose homeostasis, the brown adipose tissue is thought to have a thermogenic role, dissipating heat and contributing to the regulation of body temperature and weight [ 60 ]. The process of differentiation of beige adipocytes within white adipose tissue, also known as browning, has become a key focus area for research against diabetes and obesity due to brown adipose tissue’s fat-burning and heat-producing potential [ 61 ].…”

Section: Risk Factors and Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Management of Type 2 Diabetes in the MENA Region: A Review of the Evidence

2021

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The alarmingly rising trend of type 2 diabetes constitutes a major global public health challenge particularly in the Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) region where the prevalence is among the highest in the world with a projection to increase by 96% by 2045. The economic boom in the MENA region over the past decades has brought exceptionally rapid shifts in eating habits characterized by divergence from the traditional Mediterranean diet towards a more westernized unhealthy dietary pattern, thought to be leading to the dramatic rises in obesity and non-communicable diseases. Research efforts have brought a greater understanding of the different pathways through which diet and obesity may affect diabetes clinical outcomes, emphasizing the crucial role of dietary interventions and weight loss in the prevention and management of diabetes. The purpose of this review is to explore the mechanistic pathways linking obesity with diabetes and to summarize the most recent evidence on the association of the intake of different macronutrients and food groups with the risk of type 2 diabetes. We also summarize the most recent evidence on the effectiveness of different macronutrient manipulations in the prevention and management of diabetes while highlighting the possible underlying mechanisms of action and latest evidence-based recommendations. We finally discuss the need to adequately integrate dietetic services in diabetes care specific to the MENA region and conclude with recommendations to improve dietetic care for diabetes in the region.

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Section: Risk Factors and Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Management of Type 2 Diabetes in the MENA Region: A Review of the Evidence

2021

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Castration promotes the browning of the prostate tumor microenvironment

Alvarez-Artime,

Garcia-Soler,

Gonzalez-Menendez

et al. 2023

Cell Commun Signal

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Background Adipose tissue has gained attention due to its potential paracrine role. Periprostatic adipose tissue surrounds the prostate and the prostatic urethra, and it is an essential player in prostate cancer progression. Since obesity is directly related to human tumor progression, and adipose tissue depots are one of the significant components of the tumor microenvironment, the molecular mediators of the communication between adipocytes and epithelial cells are in the spotlight. Although periprostatic white adipose tissue contributes to prostate cancer progression, brown adipose tissue (BAT), which has beneficial effects in metabolic pathologies, has been scarcely investigated concerning cancer progression. Given that adipose tissue is a target of androgen signaling, the actual role of androgen removal on the periprostatic adipose tissue was the aim of this work. Methods Surgical castration of the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) was employed. By histology examination and software analysis, WAT and BAT tissue was quantified. 3T3-like adipocytes were used to study the role of Casodex® in modifying adipocyte differentiation and to investigate the function of the secretome of adipocytes on the proliferation of androgen-dependent and independent prostate cancer cells. Finally, the role of cell communication was assayed by TRAMP-C1 xenograft implanted in the presence of 3T3-like adipocytes. Results Androgen removal increases brown/beige adipose tissue in the fat immediately surrounding the prostate glands of TRAMP mice, concomitant with an adjustment of the metabolism. Castration increases body temperature, respiratory exchange rate, and energy expenditure. Also, in vitro, it is described that blocking androgen signaling by Casodex® increases the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) marker in 3T3-like adipocytes. Finally, the effect of brown/beige adipocyte secretome was studied on the proliferation of prostate cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. The secretome of brown/beige adipocytes reduces the proliferation of prostate cancer cells mediated partly by the secretion of extracellular vesicles. Conclusions Consequently, we concluded that hampering androgen signaling plays a crucial role in the browning of the periprostatic adipose tissue. Also, the presence of brown adipocytes exhibits the opposite effect to that of white adipocytes in vitro regulating processes that govern the mechanisms of cell proliferation of prostate cancer cells. And finally, promoting the browning of adipose tissue in the periprostatic adipose tissue might be a way to handle prostate cancer cell progression.

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White adipose tissue browning: A novel and effective therapeutic strategy and approach for type 2 diabetes

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Dietary Management of Type 2 Diabetes in the MENA Region: A Review of the Evidence

Dietary Management of Type 2 Diabetes in the MENA Region: A Review of the Evidence

Castration promotes the browning of the prostate tumor microenvironment

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