Where techno-science meets poverty: Medical research and the economy of blood in The Gambia, West Africa

Fairhead, James; Leach, Melissa; Small, Mary

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.02.018

Cited by 149 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Usually rendered junior partners in overseas trial relationships, African research scientists may lack access to the data that they produce and may be afforded little opportunity to be included as coauthors on research publications. Such marginalization can also include institutional inequalities, where overseas researchers have established more or less permanent centers of research that exceed the funding and research opportunities of neighboring university-and state-run research organizations (Crane 2013;Elliott 2014;Kingori 2015;Fairhead et al 2006;Farmer 2002). …”

Section: The 2004-05 Prep Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A research alliance

Peterson¹,

Foláyan²

2017

MAT

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This article explores a research alliance across fields and continents in the wake of the early and controversial HIV-prevention clinical trials of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Our research set out to understand why three trial arms prematurely closed while another was refused approval from the relevant institutional review board. We conducted ethnographic research on 'what happened' at two of the sites. Over time our research strategy cohered around unearthing and exploring rapidly disappearing knowledge. We analyze insider/outsider politics, the power of global public-private partnerships, and the forms of scientific knowledge (located in African countries) that get left behind in the process.

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Section: The 2004-05 Prep Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A research alliance

Peterson¹,

Foláyan²

2017

MAT

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“…Moreover, in the absence of open debate, speculation about partially known disparities can translate into concealed misgivings and animosities, which can disturb research work or collaboration, through negative public attitudes or covert obstruction, or affect work morale and data validity. Unarticulated tensions can be converted into rumors of occult activity and accusations (see, e.g., Leach and Fairhead 2006) or may seek an outlet through labor tribunals and legal proceedings (for a case unrelated to the NCRO-GHA collaboration, see Nordling 2012 andDaily Nation 2011:10). Thus, in some situations here, differences and contradictions that (for diverse reasons) are unknown should simply be made known for the benefit of political articulation and contestation.…”

Section: Endmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This openness regarding health care benefits may partly be due to the silencing effect of ethics prohibitions against "inducement"-quality health care alone is an important incentive for potential study participants (e.g., Fairhead et al 2006;Geissler et al 2008). But, above all, it reflects the complexity of real-life health care, which requires medical doctors' clinical judgment and triage (since even well-funded trials cannot cover all health care needs in their purview); in response, the health benefits, unlike clinical trial procedures or laboratory work, must often be modified in the process of research rather than being "set in stone" in SOPs (see also Geissler et al 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Public secrets in public health: Knowing not to know while making scientific knowledge

Geissler

2013

American Ethnologist

208

125

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Unknown knowns—or “public secrets”—may play an integral part in publicly funded medical science. In one large transnational field research site in Africa, such unknowing pertains to vital material inequalities across the relations of scientific production. These inequalities are open to experience but remain often unacknowledged in public speech and scientific texts. This silence is not usually achieved by suppressing knowledge but through linguistic convention and differentiation between places and moments of knowing and ignorance. Switching between known and unknown according to situation and interlocutor is an important, largely implicit skill that maintains relations necessary to conduct clinical research—linking bodies, lives, institutions, and technologies across differentials of resources, expertise, and power. Unknowing, then, facilitates research; and it shapes the resulting work and perpetuates the political and economic contradictions that pervade the context and the research endeavor itself. Unknowing thus poses a challenge for conventional anthropological modes of critique and engagement.

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“…Quoique leurs modèles de gouvernance de la recherche soient historiquement très différents de celui des Etats-Unis, le Canada, l'Australie et la Nouvelle Zélande suivent ce mouvement d'extension : celui-ci est notablement justifié par la facilitation de recherches interdisciplinaires couplant sciences biomédicales et sciences sociales, mais aussi par le souci de préserver la confiance du public dans la science. Cette motivation s'avère pour beaucoup un important facteur explicatif de l'actuelle dynamique de réglemen-tation éthique (Fairhead et al, 2006;Geissler & Pool, 2006;Molyneux et al, 2005).…”

Section: Un Tournant éThique à Risque Pour La Recherche Herméneutiqueunclassified

La recherche herméneutique en management face à la juridictionnalisation de l’activité scientifique : analyse du problème et exploration de réponses

Joyeau

Robert-Demontrond

2014

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L’objectif de cet article est de pointer le développement actuel d’un « tournant éthique » en sciences sociales, impliquant celles de gestion; de montrer que ce tournant est pris en des termes qui relèvent d’une juridictionnalisation de la recherche - dans la continuité du modèle de gouvernance progressivement mis en place dans les sciences biomédicales; de poser les bases d’un débat critique sur cette orientation. Nous montrons que l’importation et l’application de ce système posent, pour les recherches herméneutiques en particulier, très largement utilisées en management, plus de problèmes qu’elles n’apportent de solutions. Nous proposons en final plusieurs pistes alternatives.The objective of this article is to point the current development of an « ethical turn » in social sciences (including management), to show that this turn takes place in a context of juridictionalization of research - in continuity of governance model gradually established in the biomedical sciences-, and to lay the foundations for a critical discussion of this approach. We show that the import and application of this system are raising more problems than they provide solutions, for hermeneutic research in particular, widely used in management. We propose, finally, several alternatives.El objetivo de este articulo es señalar el desarrollo actual de un “giro ético” de las ciencias sociales, involucrando las de gestión; mostrar que este giro esta tomado en términos que depende de la jurisdiccionalización de la investigación – en la continuidad del modelo de gobernanza gradualmente implementado en las ciencias biomédicas; establecer las bases de un debate crítico sobre este enfoque. Mostramos que la importación y la aplicación de este sistema plantean, para las investigaciones hermenéuticas en particular, ampliamente utilizadas en la administración, mas problemas que ofrecen soluciones. Finalmente, proponemos varias alternativas

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Where techno-science meets poverty: Medical research and the economy of blood in The Gambia, West Africa

Cited by 149 publications

References 12 publications

A research alliance

A research alliance

Public secrets in public health: Knowing not to know while making scientific knowledge

La recherche herméneutique en management face à la juridictionnalisation de l’activité scientifique : analyse du problème et exploration de réponses

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