When job “openings” weren’t: Estimates of the extent of informal network hiring in sociology, 1965–1972

Wright, Richard

doi:10.1007/bf02691958

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Informal contacts between members of an organisation have frequently been a subject of research. Such research tends to be on the effect of the context on the dynamics of the contact (Salzinger, 1982; Feld, 1981; Van de Bunt, 1999); on the influence of characteristics of members on the different types of contacts (Lincoln and Miller, 1979), or on particular applications, for example examinations of the availability of career opportunities within a field (Granovetter, 1974; Wright, 1993). However, most studies of relationships between organisational members tend to focus strictly on work‐related contacts (Allen, 1984; Badaracco, 1991; Biemans, 1992; Devlin and Bleackly, 1988; Eccles and Nohria, 1992; Tushman, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Informal contacts and performance in innovation teams

Kratzer

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Engelen

2005

International Journal of Manpower

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Purpose -The paper addresses the effect friendly and friendship relationships among members of innovation teams on the performance of the teams. Design/methodology/approach -The members of innovation teams may develop friendly and friendship relationships over time. In our study, we focus on the effect of the frequency of such non-work relationships on team performance. For this research, we collected full network data on non-work relationships in a sample of 44 innovation teams and investigate how these "friendly and friendship networks" affect the performance of innovation teams. Findings -As result turns out that the frequency of friendly ties has positive as well as negative consequences on team performance, whereas the frequency of friendship ties positively relates to the performance.Research limitations/implications -The results indicate the importance of informal relations for the performance of innovation teams. Further, it is shown that friendly and friendship relations have different theoretical and practical implications. Future research can overcome the limitations of the presented research by concentrating on larger sample sizes and longitudinal research designs. Practical implications -Building on the results of the study managers can better orchestra innovation teams focussing not only on formal but also on informal contacts. The main practical implication is to strive for friendship contacts and to avoid too strong friendly contacts. Originality/value -The study adds knowledge to the research on informal relationships and performance two-fold. First, the findings testify that friendly and friendship contacts are different and not part of the same dimension, and there is strong evidence for the importance of informal contacts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Informal contacts and performance in innovation teams

Kratzer

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Engelen

2005

International Journal of Manpower

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The Effect of Friendship on Decisions: Field Studies of Real Estate Transactions

Halpern

1996

Human Relations

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A field study of real estate agents' transactions demonstrates that business friendship affects the negotiation process and the outcome of transactions more for agents with 10 or more years of experience in real estate brokerage than for less experienced agents. Newer agents rely more on friendly relations and on impression management techniques to do well in a transaction, while the more experienced agents consider genuine business friendship and its norms useful for facilitating transactions. Different scripts for friendship may explain the consistency within each of the two groups. The study is part of the author's dissertation. It was funded by a grant from the Center for Real Estate and Urban Economics, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720.The author wishes to thank the Berkeley real estate agents and brokers who generously offered their time and thoughts to this project. Thanks also to Bob Edelstein; to Laurie Kapitelli and William Porter, past presidents of the Berkeley Board of Realtors; and to Dan Ladd and Brian Mundell for their substantial contributions to the design of the survey and to the writing of this paper. This paper has not undergone formal review or approval of the faculty of the ILR School. It is intended to make results of Center research, conferences, and projects available to others interested in human resource management in preliminary form to encourage discussion and suggestions. The Effect of Friendship on Decisions WP 94-09Page 3 ABSTRACTA field study of real estate agents' transactions demonstrates that business friendship affects the negotiation process and the outcome of transactions more for agents with 10 or more years of experience in real estate brokerage than for less experienced agents. Newer agents rely more on friendly relations and on impression management techniques to do well in a transaction, while the more experienced agents consider genuine business friendship and its norms useful for facilitating transactions. Different scripts for friendship may explain the consistency within each of the two groups.

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