When Fasting Gets Tough, the Tough Immune Cells Get Going—or Die

Buono, Roberta; Longo, Valter D.

doi:10.1016/j.cell.2019.07.052

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Previous reports showed that intermittent fasting or calorie restriction might improve immune function and ameliorate inflammation in some conditions (Buono and Longo, 2019;Collins et al, 2019). These two studies demonstrated that cycled fasting would help inhibit inflammation response to various stimuli and elevate the anti-infection effect of immune system.…”

Section: Caloric Restriction and Weight Lossmentioning

confidence: 90%

Potential Role of Cellular Senescence in Asthma

Wang

Yang

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Cellular senescence is a complicated process featured by irreversible cell cycle arrest and senescence-associated secreted phenotype (SASP), resulting in accumulation of senescent cells, and low-grade inflammation. Cellular senescence not only occurs during the natural aging of normal cells, but also can be accelerated by various pathological factors. Cumulative studies have shown the role of cellular senescence in the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) by promoting airway inflammation and airway remodeling. Recently, great interest has been raised in the involvement of cellular senescence in asthma. Limited but valuable data has indicated accelerating cellular senescence in asthma. This review will compile current findings regarding the underlying relationship between cellular senescence and asthma, mainly through discussing the potential mechanisms of cellular senescence in asthma, the impact of senescent cells on the pathobiology of asthma, and the efficiency and feasibility of using anti-aging therapies in asthmatic patients.

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Section: Caloric Restriction and Weight Lossmentioning

confidence: 90%

Potential Role of Cellular Senescence in Asthma

Wang

Yang

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…The brain-liver-fats organ network described in this study highlights the importance of the immune processes modulated by STF. However, the mechanisms underlying fasting-induced effects on the immune system remain largely unknown, and researchers have only recently started to elucidate this topic [ 96 ]. Three studies have demonstrated that monocytes, naïve B cells, and memory CD8 T cells use bone marrow as a refuge during periods of energy reduction to maintain systemic immune-responsiveness [ [4] , [5] , [6] ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential regulation of the immune system in a brain-liver-fats organ network during short-term fasting

Huang

Makhlouf

AbouMoussa

et al. 2020

Molecular Metabolism

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Objective Fasting regimens can promote health, mitigate chronic immunological disorders, and improve age-related pathophysiological parameters in animals and humans. Several ongoing clinical trials are using fasting as a potential therapy for various conditions. Fasting alters metabolism by acting as a reset for energy homeostasis, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of short-term fasting (STF) are not well understood, particularly at the systems or multiorgan level. Methods We performed RNA-sequencing in nine organs from mice fed ad libitum (0 h) or subjected to fasting five times (2–22 h). We applied a combination of multivariate analysis, differential expression analysis, gene ontology, and network analysis for an in-depth understanding of the multiorgan transcriptome. We used literature mining solutions, LitLab™ and Gene Retriever™, to identify the biological and biochemical terms significantly associated with our experimental gene set, which provided additional support and meaning to the experimentally derived gene and inferred protein data. Results We cataloged the transcriptional dynamics within and between organs during STF and discovered differential temporal effects of STF among organs. Using gene ontology enrichment analysis, we identified an organ network sharing 37 common biological pathways perturbed by STF. This network incorporates the brain, liver, interscapular brown adipose tissue, and posterior-subcutaneous white adipose tissue; hence, we named it the brain-liver-fats organ network. Using Reactome pathways analysis, we identified the immune system, dominated by T cell regulation processes, as a central and prominent target of systemic modulations during STF in this organ network. The changes we identified in specific immune components point to the priming of adaptive immunity and parallel the fine-tuning of innate immune signaling. Conclusions Our study provides a comprehensive multiorgan transcriptomic profiling of mice subjected to multiple periods of STF and provides new insights into the molecular modulators involved in the systemic immunotranscriptomic changes that occur during short-term energy loss.

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“…Cheng et al demonstrated the effect of periodic fasting in promoting a HSC-dependent regeneration of mice immune cells, leading to a rejuvenated immune phenotype and elevation of mesenchymal stem and progenitor cells (MSPC), even at a relatively old mice age ( 19 , 41 ). Cycles of fasting and refeeding have been shown to modulate gut microbiota, ameliorate pathology in various mouse autoimmunity models, and promote T cell-dependent killing of cancer cells ( 42 ). Dang et al showed that fasting enhances TRAIL-mediated liver natural killer cell activity against neoplastic cells through upregulation of HSP70 ( 17 ).…”

Section: Periodic Fasting Preserves and Improves The Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%