What works? Interventions for maternal and child undernutrition and survival

Bhutta, Zulfiqar Ahmed; Ahmed, Tahmeed; Black, Robert E.; Cousens, Simon; Dewey, Kathryn G.; Giugliani, Elsa Regina Justo; Haider, Botool A.; Kirkwood, Betty; Morris, Saul S.; Sachdev, H. P. S.; Shekar, Meera

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61693-6

Cited by 1,827 publications

(1,712 citation statements)

References 168 publications

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“…Nutrition is a cornerstone of this association. with maternal calcium supplementation 96,97 . Thus far no study has followed the offspring of such supplemented pregnancies to determine whether risk of adult disease has been altered, it would be logical to assume a positive impact.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fetal and child health on kidney development and long-term risk of hypertension and kidney disease

et al. 2013

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Developmental programming of non-communicable diseases is now an established paradigm. With respect to hypertension and chronic kidney disease, adverse events experienced in utero can affect development of the fetal kidney and reduce final nephron number. Low birth weight and prematurity are the most consistent clinical surrogates for a low nephron number, and are associated with increased risk of hypertension, proteinuria and kidney disease in later life. Rapid weight gain in childhood or adolescence further compounds these risks. Low birth weight, prematurity and rapid childhood weight gain should alert clinicians to an individual's life-long risk of hypertension and kidney disease, prompting education to minimize additional risk factors and ensuring follow-up. Birth weight and prematurity are significantly impacted by maternal nutrition and health during pregnancy. Optimization of maternal health and early childhood nutrition could therefore attenuate this programming cycle and reduce the global burden of hypertension and kidney disease in the future.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fetal and child health on kidney development and long-term risk of hypertension and kidney disease

et al. 2013

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“…Although we did not collect data on prenatal supplement use, the proportions of pregnant women who consumed prenatal folate and iron supplements were about 30 % and 14 %, respectively, in the first class economic conditional areas in the 2002 Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey (24) . Data from studies among women who received adequate iron supplementation during pregnancy indicate that Hb decreased in the second trimester, but increased again in the third trimester (29)(30)(31) , and that iron supplementation increased average Hb concentration among pregnant women (8,30,32) . In our study, Hb concentration declined from the first trimester to the third trimester.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in south-east China, 1993–2005

Jin¹,

Yeung²,

Cogswell³

et al. 2010

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To report the prevalence of anaemia by demographic characteristics and its secular trend over 13 years for south-east Chinese pregnant women, and to determine the focus of anaemia prevention in Chinese pregnant women. Design: Prospective study of the data on Hb concentration and other demographic information from a large-scale population-based perinatal health surveillance system in south-east China. Setting: Fourteen cities or counties in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Subjects: A total of 467 057 prenatal women who had participated in the perinatal health-care surveillance system and delivered babies from 1 January 1993 to 31 December 2005 and had a record of Hb in all three pregnancy trimesters. Results: The overall prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women was 39?6 % from 1993 to 2005. Anaemia prevalence increased from the first (29?6 %) to the second (33?0 %) and third (56?2 %) trimesters. The prevalence of anaemia was higher in villagers, in women with less education and in women with higher gravidity or parity. The prevalence of anaemia in all of the trimesters was higher in the spring, summer and autumn and lower in the winter. The prevalence decreased from 1993 to 2005, from 53?3 % to 11?4 % for the first trimester, 45?6 % to 22?8 % for the second trimester and 64?6 % to 44?6 % for the third trimester. Conclusions: The prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces decreased substantially from 1993 to 2005. However, anaemia in the third trimester is still a severe public health problem among pregnant women in these areas.

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“…While other reviews prior to the LNS interventions paper (8) confirm that the 'what' of undernutrition is reasonably well established (19,20) , and a considerable body of experience exists on working out the 'how' in various developmental settings across the globe (21)(22)(23) , the capacity to act or to implement such activities at scale in the LMIC most affected has been found to be lacking (24) and the capacity to train people to manage and implement nutrition programmes in such LMIC to be virtually non-existent (25) .…”

Section: What Do We Mean By Capacity?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition capacity development: a practice framework

Shrimpton

Hughes

Recine

et al. 2013

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To outline a framework and a process for assessing the needs for capacity development to achieve nutrition objectives, particularly those targeting maternal and child undernutrition. Design: Commentary and conceptual framework. Setting: Low-and middle-income countries. Result: A global movement to invest in a package of essential nutrition interventions to reduce maternal and child undernutrition in low-and middle-income countries is building momentum. Capacity to act in nutrition is known to be minimal in most low-and middle-income countries, and there is a need for conceptual clarity about capacity development as a strategic construct and the processes required to realise the ability to achieve population nutrition and health objectives. The framework for nutrition capacity development proposed recognises capacity to be determined by a range of factors across at least four levels, including system, organisational, workforce and community levels. This framework provides a scaffolding to guide systematic assessment of capacity development needs which serves to inform strategic planning for capacity development. Conclusions: Capacity development is a critical prerequisite for achieving nutrition and health objectives, but is currently constrained by ambiguous and superficial conceptualisations of what capacity development involves and how it can be realised. The current paper provides a framework to assist this conceptualisation, encourage debate and ongoing refinement, and progress capacity development efforts.

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What works? Interventions for maternal and child undernutrition and survival

Cited by 1,827 publications

References 168 publications

Effect of fetal and child health on kidney development and long-term risk of hypertension and kidney disease

Effect of fetal and child health on kidney development and long-term risk of hypertension and kidney disease

Prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in south-east China, 1993–2005

Nutrition capacity development: a practice framework

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