'Web-ACSYNT' - Conceptual-level aircraft systems analysis on the Internet

Hasan, Shahab

doi:10.2514/6.1997-5509

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Siddiqui also correctly states the constraints on colleagues to make changes in the face of overwhelming pressure from senior levels was unbearable for most to endure (Siddiqui, T., 2005). However, while policy reforms experience a slow pace, front line bureaucrats are less vulnerable to higher level political change and are capable of providing traction and facilitating policy shifts from within the establishment to affect ground realities (Hasan, A., 1997). While reform at the provincial levels is key for the transfer of municipal policies to the national level (national sanitation policy and national shelter policy), how and where upper level stakeholders engage community based self help models will remain to be seen.…”

Section: Conclusion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To this extent, CBOs representing the IS need to organize and push information sharing and capacity building with government agencies.The state of water and sanitation infrastructure would also benefit from advancing the relationship between the state and advocates for the IS. The example of the OPP engaging the KWSB on internal -external component sharing has shown to work(Hasan, A., 1997). As the OPP has pointed out, numerous issues related to supply gaps, bulk water/leakage ratios, tanker operations and hydrant usage; donkey carts supplying KMC piped water through bribery all require improved state management practices and addressing.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Examining the effectiveness of formal-informal sector engagement in municipal Pakistan political vs. institutional constraints

Shaheen¹

2021

Preprint

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Pakistan’s urban informal sector (IS) has been the subject of increased attention in recent years. In light of national policy failures and the rapid growth of the IS, this study asks whether there are differences in the political will and capacity in engaging the IS between upper and lower tiered state actors, and whether this engagement can be in a sustainable manner. The social contexts of housing, water and sanitation, transportation and labor conditions are examined in the cities of Lahore and Karachi to assess the experiences of the urban informal sector’s engagement with the state. A survey of state and non-state actors is carried out in field interviews to obtain the perspectives of state policies towards the IS as well as to understand the processes, constraints and possible solutions to engaging the IS. Evidence from the study supports the hypothesis that lower tiers of the state are capable of engaging the IS, but due to constraints from upper levels, are unable to do so. The study’s findings suggest that the combination of grassroots civil society efforts in mobilizing the urban IS alongside the provision of well resourced, accountable capacities of lower tiers of municipal government can generate low cost sustainable solutions to urban service delivery. Evidence also points to the benefits of civil society’s engagement with lower tiers of government to ensure that upper-level bureaucrats are held accountable for ill-conceived policy and its failures. The research shows that before success in national and provincial policy reforms can be expected, emphasis of policy has to be on the recognition and development of interactions between the IS and lower tiers of the state.

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Section: Conclusion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Examining the effectiveness of formal-informal sector engagement in municipal Pakistan political vs. institutional constraints

Shaheen¹

2021

Preprint

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“…In this stage, much computer-aided software includes CAD (Computer Aided Design)/CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) /CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing) programs are developed [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. Usage scope of these programs is expanded to entire industries because these programs break the limitation of functionality and become more and more universal.…”

Section: B From the Development Of Computer-aided Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summary of Integrated Design Environment

Hu¹,

Xu²,

Cao

2016

Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Simulation and Modelling

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Abstract-As one solution to complex product design, the integrated design environment has experienced several decades of development with great changes. This paper reviews the emergence, development history and future trend of integrated design environment. Firstly, the concept and connotation of design are analyzed, and then from the development of design behavior and the development of computer aided design, the inevitability and development history of integrated design environment are elaborated. Secondly, the background and characteristic of different kinds of integrated design environment were analyzed and elaborated. Finally, based on the trend analysis of the integrated design environment, future research direction and goals are proposed. Through this review, basic materials and direction for the related academic research can be provided.

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HISTORICAL AND FUTURE TRENDS IN AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE, COST, AND EMISSIONS

Lee

Lukachko

Waitz

et al. 2001

Annu. Rev. Energy. Environ.

218

119

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▪ Abstract The interdependency of aircraft technological systems, the global reach of the aviation transport industry, and the uncertainty surrounding potential atmospheric effects have made defining the relationship between aviation and environmental impact an arduous task. Air travel continues to experience the fastest growth of all modes of transport, and although the energy intensity of the aviation transport system continues to decline, fuel use and total emissions have steadily risen. This trend, which represents a conflict between growth and environmental impact, has motivated the aircraft manufacturing and airline industries, the scientific community, and governmental bodies to consider what pace of emissions reduction is acceptable. This paper analyzes the historical influence of aircraft performance on cost to examine the potential pace of future efficiency improvements and emissions reduction. Technological and operational influences on aircraft energy intensity are quantified and correlated with direct operating cost and aircraft price using analytical and statistical models built upon historical data for US airlines. The energy intensity reduction potential and economic characteristics of future aircraft are also projected, through extrapolations of historical trends in aircraft technology and operations.

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'Web-ACSYNT' - Conceptual-level aircraft systems analysis on the Internet

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Examining the effectiveness of formal-informal sector engagement in municipal Pakistan political vs. institutional constraints

Examining the effectiveness of formal-informal sector engagement in municipal Pakistan political vs. institutional constraints

Summary of Integrated Design Environment

HISTORICAL AND FUTURE TRENDS IN AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE, COST, AND EMISSIONS

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