Wear resistant all-PE single-component composites via 1D nanostructure formation during melt processing

Hees, Timo; Zhong, Fan; Koplin, Christof; Jaeger, Raimund; Mülhaupt, Rolf

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2018.07.057

Cited by 21 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…SEM imaging of virgin reactor powder (left) and injection‐molded reactor blend (center), both of which were etched with hot xylene, as compared to UHMWPE nanostructures images after annealing above the HDPE melting temperature but below the melting temperature of extended‐chain UHMWE, followed by quenching and HDPE removal with hot xylene. Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2018, Elsevier.…”

Section: All‐hydrocarbon Composites Via Polymerization Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead of tailoring all‐hydrocarbon composites by ethylene polymerization on three‐site catalysts, all‐hydrocarbon composites are also produced by melt compounding of HDPE with ultrabroad bimodal polyethylene comprising nanometer‐scaled unentangled aligned UHMWPE dispersed in HDPE wax as masterbatch (see Figure ) . Upon compounding the content of HDPE is readily varied as a function of HDPE addition in melt compounding whereas the UHMWPE/HDPE wax ratio is constant and set by the molar ratio of the catalytic sites in ethylene polymerization on two‐site catalysts during bimodal masterbatch formation.…”

Section: All‐hydrocarbon Composites Via Polymerization Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both all‐hydrocarbon composites tailored by ethylene polymerization on three‐site catalysts and all‐hydrocarbon‐composites prepared by melt compounding of HDPE with bimodal polyethylene masterbatches produce 100% recyclable hydrocarbon material with excellent properties approaching the range of glass‐fiber reinforced polyethylene. In addition to the simultaneous improvement of toughness/stiffness/strength also the wear resistance improves to reach the range of UHMWPE which is not processable by injection molding (see the spider diagrams displayed in Figure ) . It should be noted that all‐polyethylene composite formation is not restricted to multi‐site catalyst technology.…”

Section: All‐hydrocarbon Composites Via Polymerization Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Property profiles of all‐polyethylene composites as compared to HDPE. Left: Mechanical properties of an all‐PE composite (9 wt% HDPE wax, 59 wt% HDPE, and 32 wt% UHMWPE) prepared melt blending HDPE with a bimodal masterbatch produced by ethylene polymerization on a two‐site catalyst (see Figure ) . Right: All‐PE composite (21 wt% HDPE wax, 63 wt% HDPE, 14 wt% UHMWPE, and 2 wt% graphene oxide which was used as catalyst support) obtained by ethylene polymerization on a supported three‐site catalyst (see Figure ) …”

Section: All‐hydrocarbon Composites Via Polymerization Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tailoring Hydrocarbon Polymers and All‐Hydrocarbon Composites for Circular Economy

Hees

Zhong

Stürzel

et al. 2018

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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The world population will rapidly grow from 7 to 9 billion by 2050 and this will parallel a surging annual plastics consumption from today's 350 million tons to well beyond 1 billion tons. The switch from a linear economy with its throwaway culture to a circular economy with efficient reuse of waste plastics is therefore mandatory. Hydrocarbon polymers, accounting for more than half the world's plastics production, enable closed‐loop recycling and effective product‐stewardship systems. High‐molar‐mass hydrocarbons serve as highly versatile, cost‐, resource‐, eco‐ and energy‐efficient, durable lightweight materials produced by solvent‐free, environmentally benign catalytic olefin polymerization. Nanophase separation and alignment of unentangled hydrocarbon polymers afford 100% recyclable self‐reinforcing all‐hydrocarbon composites without requiring the addition of either alien fibers or hazardous nanoparticles. Recycling of durable hydrocarbons is far superior to biodegradation. The facile thermal degradation enables liquefaction and quantitative recovery of low molar mass hydrocarbon oil and gas. Teamed up with biomass‐to‐liquid and carbon dioxide‐to‐fuel conversions, powered by renewable energy, waste hydrocarbons serve as renewable hydrocarbon feedstocks for the synthesis of high molar mass hydrocarbon materials. Herein, an overview is given on how innovations in catalyst and process technology enable tailoring of advanced recyclable hydrocarbon materials meeting the needs of sustainable development and a circular economy.

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Section: All‐hydrocarbon Composites Via Polymerization Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: All‐hydrocarbon Composites Via Polymerization Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: All‐hydrocarbon Composites Via Polymerization Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: All‐hydrocarbon Composites Via Polymerization Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Tailoring Hydrocarbon Polymers and All‐Hydrocarbon Composites for Circular Economy

Hees

Zhong

Stürzel

et al. 2018

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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“…They also found that the maximum tensile strength of the drawn PE-blends had increased from ~1 GPa to ~1.5 GPa (an increase of 50%), and the maximum Young’s modulus of the drawn films had increased more than two times without the removal of the solvent. In the reference [ 17 ], they reported that the presence of the HDPE wax with content up to 54 wt.%, served as a processing aid, lowering melt viscosity, while the presence of the UHMWPE with content up to 63 wt.% led to the improvement of the blend properties. Also, they found that a massive polyethylene self-reinforcement had shown at the 32 wt.% UHMWPE content, which reflected by the improved Young’s modulus (from 0.9 GPa to 4.8 GPa) and tensile strength (from 24 MPa to 201 MPa) without impairing the HDPE injection molding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Structural and Mechanical Properties of the UHMWPE Films Mixed with the PE-Wax

et al. 2020

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Since obtaining a highly oriented structure based on a large-scale commercial ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is considered very difficult due to its high molecular weight and melting index, modifying the structure of these cheap commercial UHMWPE brands into a supra-molecular structure with fiber-forming properties by adding a small amount of polyethylene wax (PE-wax) will provide the possibility to obtain highly oriented UHMWPE products with enhanced mechanical and tribological properties. In this work, highly oriented UHMWPE/PE-wax films were prepared. The PE-wax affected the UHMWPE as an intermolecular lubricant. The obtained lamellar structure of the UHMWPE/PE-wax composites had a better processability. The UHMWPE and UHMWPE/PE-wax structures for the xerogels and the films were studied by using differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy. The PE-wax presence enhanced the mechanical properties of the UHMWPE/PE-wax films to a high degree. The highest average value of the tensile strength was 1320 MPa (an increase of 78%) obtained by adding a PE-wax content of 1.0 wt.%, and the highest average value of the Young’s modulus was 56.8 GPa (an increase of 71%) obtained by adding a PE-wax content of 2.0 wt.%. The addition of the PE-wax increased the work of fracture values of the UHMWPE/PE-wax films up to 233%. The formation of the cavities was observed in the virgin UHMWPE films more than in the UHMWPE/PE-wax films, and the whitening of the oriented films was related to the crystallization process more than to the cavitation phenomenon. The coefficient of friction of the oriented UHMWPE/PE-wax films improved by 33% in comparison with the isotropic UHMWPE, and by 7% in comparison with the oriented virgin UHMWPE films.

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Effects of different ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene contents on the formation and evolution of hierarchical crystal structure of high‐density polyethylene/ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene blend fibers

Yang

Shi

Pan

et al. 2020

Journal of Polymer Science

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In this paper, the blend fibers of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) were prepared by solution blending and gel spinning process. The uniformity of the blend fibers has been confirmed by rheological data and thermodynamic unimodal curve. They were further characterized by single fiber strength test, scanning electron microscopy, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, small‐angle X‐ray scattering, and so forth, to explore the structural evolution mechanism with the change of UHMWPE content. The results showed that when the molar content of UHMWPE was only 2.9 mol%, entanglement appeared in the structure of shish‐kebab, and when the proportion reached 20 mol%, an interlocking structure could be observed. With the increase of UHMWPE content, kebab began to be networked, and when the content reached 33 mol%, kebab's orientation reached its peak. After that, the interlocking network structure gradually improved. When the content reached 50 mol%, the shish's orientation reached saturation, and the shish‐kebab network became perfect. In addition, with the increase of UHMWPE content, stress‐induced recrystallization occurred on the wafer, some kebab would be converted into shish crystals, and when the content exceeded 50 mol%, the microfibers began to merge, and the wafer became denser, but still had entanglements. Our work has proposed a quantitative explanation for the evolution of hierarchical crystal structure of HDPE/UHMWPE blend fibers.

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Wear resistant all-PE single-component composites via 1D nanostructure formation during melt processing

Cited by 21 publications

References 46 publications

Tailoring Hydrocarbon Polymers and All‐Hydrocarbon Composites for Circular Economy

Tailoring Hydrocarbon Polymers and All‐Hydrocarbon Composites for Circular Economy

The Structural and Mechanical Properties of the UHMWPE Films Mixed with the PE-Wax

Effects of different ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene contents on the formation and evolution of hierarchical crystal structure of high‐density polyethylene/ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene blend fibers

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