Water-based non-ionic polymeric surfactants as oil spill dispersants

Assessment of corrosion inhibitive behavior of 2-aminothiophenol derivatives on carbon steel in 1M HCl

“…The reaction was carried out at 110-140 8C in the presence of PTSA as a catalyst and toluene, with continuous stirring and nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction was continued until the theoretical amount of water was collected [17]. The final product was purified as mentioned above to produce…”

Application of new amphiphilic ionic liquid based on ethoxylated octadecylammonium tosylate as demulsifier and petroleum crude oil spill dispersant

“…The evaluation process was carried out according reported method in previous work [27]. In brief, Arabian heavy crude oil (5 g) was added on the surface of 250 mL of sea water in 500mL beaker.…”

“…There are several methods were used to control the oil spill pollution such as mechanical, chemicals and A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t bioremediation techniques [45]. The chemical methods attracted great attention due to their high efficiencies and effectiveness, fast treatment of oil spill such as dispersants, washing agents, demulsifiers, adsorbents with applying advanced magnetic separation method [27,[46][47][48]. Among several chemical treatments, dispersants still play an important technique for oil spill removal due to availability of chemicals based on mixtures of nonionic surfactants mixed with 10% of ionic surfactants [45].…”

Synthesis of Some Oil Spill Dispersants Based on Sorbitol Esters and Their Capability to Disperse Crude Oil on Seawater to Alleviate Its Accumulation and Environmental Impact

“…This may show that the increase of ethylene oxide number leads to coil the molecule and impedes the adsorption on the interface further dispersion. [26] Furthermore, the stability of o/w emulsion obtained prevents coalescence of oil droplets. The surfactants that have HLB values in range of 9 to 12 succeeded in dispersing a large quantity of oil as seen by screen and WSL methods ( Table 2) for E (20)STO and E(35)STO when used individual nonionic surfactant.…”

“…These results are in good agreement with the basic principles of emulsion formation. [26,27] The surfactants molecules with appropriate HLB between 9 and 12 will concentrate at the o/w interface. The decreasing of IFT facilitates the deformation of the interface and, hence, the disruption of great droplets into smaller droplets.…”