Wastewaters, with or without Hospital Contribution, Harbour MDR, Carbapenemase-Producing, but Not Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae

Abstract

Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP) isolated from influent (I) and effluent (E) of two wastewater treatment plants, with (S1) or without (S2) hospital contribution, were investigated. The strains belonged to the Kp1 phylogroup, their highest frequency being observed in S1, followed by S2. The phenotypic and genotypic hypervirulence tests were negative for all the strains tested. At least one carbapenemase gene (CRG), belonging to the blaKPC, blaOXA-48, blaNDM and blaVIM families, was observed in 63% of CPKP, and more than half co-harboured two to four CRGs, in different combinations. Only five CRG variants were observed, regardless of wastewater type: blaKPC-2, blaNDM-1, blaNDM-6, blaVIM-2, and blaOXA-48. Sequence types ST258, ST101 and ST744 were common for both S1 and S2, while ST147, ST525 and ST2502 were found only in S1 and ST418 only in S2. The strains tested were multi-drug resistant (MDR), all being resistant to beta-lactams, cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams and fluoroquinolones, followed by various resistance profiles to aminoglycosides, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, tigecycline, chloramphenicol and tetracycline. After principal component analysis, the isolates in S1 and S2 groups did not cluster independently, confirming that the antibiotic susceptibility patterns and gene-type profiles were both similar in the K. pneumoniae investigated, regardless of hospital contribution to the wastewater type.

Municipal Wastewaters Carry Important Carbapenemase Genes Independent of Hospital Input and Can Mirror Clinical Resistance Patterns

“…7 ). Similar patterns of CRG co-occurrence were previously observed, such as bla OXA-48 with bla VIM in some wastewater effluents ( 49 ), bla NDM and bla OXA-58 in Acinetobacter pitti ( 59 ), or the combination of two, three, or four CRGs in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from wastewaters ( 60 ).…”

Molecular Typing Reveals Environmental Dispersion of Antibiotic-Resistant Enterococci under Anthropogenic Pressure

“…The outcomes of the present project regarding contamination of the river continuum are consistent with previous findings. Antibiotics, antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their ARGs have been identified as contaminants of emerging concern in hospital effluents, wastewaters, surface waters [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ] and groundwaters [ 34 ]. International guidelines and regulations enforce water quality surveillance based on monitoring of intestinal enterococci in conjunction with E. coli .…”

Beta-lactamase determinants and molecular typing of carbapenem-resistant classic and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from southwest of Iran

“…Observation of a viscous string greater than 5 mm in length once the colony was taken with a loop wire was considered a positive test ( Örsten et al, 2020 ). For genotypic analysis, magA, rmpA, rmpA2, iucA , and peg344 were investigated by PCR using previously described primers ( Table 1 ; Liu and Guo, 2018 ; Teban-Man et al, 2021 ). PCR and electrophoresis were performed similar to previous stage.…”