Wastewater treatment for Amoxicillin removal using magnetic adsorbent synthesized by ultrasound process

Abstract

In this study, the effect of magnetic adsorbent prepared from Olive kernel (MA-OK) was studied in the Amoxicillin (AMX) removal. The synthesized adsorbent, under a sonochemical method, were characterized using Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The absorption functions in the batch experiments were studied using the expected parameters for the maximum absorption capacities (q) such as pH, contact time, the dosage adsorbent, and the initial concentration of AMX. The residual amount of AMX were recorded after injection into the HPLC. The proportion of the mobile phase was methanol to water (40:60) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Adsorption experimental results indicated that the removal efficiency reaches its maximum using 0.5 g/L of the adsorbent, concentration of AMX (200 mg/L) at contact time of 90 min and pH of 6. The kinetics of the reaction and the adsorption isotherm could be well described by the pseudo-second order equation and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm with a regression coefficient of 0.9981 and 0.9979, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained from the Langmuir model was to be 238.1 mg/g. The ionic strength of the solution has no significant effect on increasing the AMX removal efficiency. Eventually, application of this adsorbent was successfully performed for removing AMX from aqueous and hospital wastewater solutions.

Removal of Antibiotics from Water by Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity: Isotherms, Kinetics, Thermodynamics, and Adsorption Mechanism

“…According to the pseudo-second-order rate constant, the fastest adsorbing compound is ciprofloxacin followed by amoxicillin, penicillin-G, and doxycycline; respectively. The reported rate constants are broadly consistent with those reported for the same antibiotics 59,61,69,70 . The pseudo-second order kinetic model suggests that chemical adsorption is the dominant mechanism, involving electrostatic attraction, which is consistent with the variable pH experiments presented in the coming section.…”

“…On the other hand, doxycycline and ciprofloxacin are well-described by both adsorption mechanisms. Previous studies have shown that both adsorption mechanisms could coexist in the same adsorption system 58,61 . Thus, the variations encountered in modeling the adsorption of the studied antibiotics is attributed to their chemical nature and their affinity for adsorption onto PIM-1.…”

Adsorption Characteristics of Pristine and Magnetic Olive Stones Biochar with Respect to Clofazimine

“…The obtained data show that the R 2 value is higher for the PSO model for both adsorbents (0.9416 for OSBC and 0.9224 for MAG-OSBC). These findings indicate that the rate of the adsorption reaction depends on both drug and adsorbent and that the reaction could be represented as follows, Equation ( 12 In agreement with the literature, and as is shown in Table 1, the adsorption of PhACs and other organics on adsorbents derived from the olive stones followed a PSO kinetic model [31][32][33][34][35]37].…”

“…This finding shows that the MAG-OSBC as an adsorbent possesses a higher adsorptive capability for CLOF, and this behavior could be related to the higher surface area and pore volume compared to the pristine OSBC. Studies using zinc chloride-activated carbon prepared from olive stone (ACOS), magnetic adsorbent from the olive kernel (MA-OK), and olive stones chemically activated with phosphoric acid showed that Langmuir isotherm could best describe the adsorption of the investigated organic pollutants [33,35,36]. The obtained data show that the performance of the current adsorbents is comparable to the conventional adsorbents.…”

“…Though an escalating interest in the use of the biochar of olive pits can be glimpsed in the literature, yet their use as a cost-effective adsorbent, especially for the removal of the PhACs, remains underestimated. Table 1 shows a summary of the approaches that have used biochar of olive stones for the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater as well as other organics [31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. As shown in Table 1, most of the reported approaches, if not all, involve the removal of PhACs, dyes and pesticides using pristine or chemically modified biochar of olive stones and follow a univariate-based approach for investigating the process variables.…”