Exploring the potential of silver metal organic frameworks (Ag-MOF), we modified it with sulfanilamide (Ag-MOF-NH 2 ) to create an efficient means for the adsorption of amoxicillin (AMX) from aqueous solutions. We characterized this new material with various imaging and analyzation techniques. Investigations into adsorption were conducted with varying solution pH, contact time, and adsorbent dosages. Moreover, the kinetics and adsorption isotherms were also tested by different models. Results revealed that equilibrium was reached between the antibiotic and the adsorbents within 100 min, with 1.93 and 2.63 mmolÁg À1 as the maximum adsorption capacities of Ag-MOF and Ag-MOF-NH 2 , respectively. The adsorption of AMX onto the adsorbents is closely in line with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, intraparticle-diffusion model, and Langmuir isotherm, suggesting that the surface of the adsorbent is homogeneous and that the highest binding sites are filled first. By utilizing this data, an engaging conclusion can be drawn: the process of adsorption is efficient and effective. Optimizing adsorption results with Box-Behnken design (BBD) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) produced impressive outcomes. Additionally, experiments were conducted on non-buffered AMX solutions at various NaNO 3 concentrations to ascertain the influence of the electrolytes' composition. Surprisingly, its capacity to take up the element was affected by different concentrations and has ability to be reused several times by capacity above 80% for up to four cycles. Discovering the intricate mechanisms behind AMX adsorption, such as electrostatic forces, π-π interactions, H-bonding, and pore filling, proves to be an invaluable asset in reducing its concentration from real water samples. The mighty potential of Ag-MOF and Ag-MOF-NH 2 makes them excellent adsorbents with removal efficiencies ranging between 86% and 97% making them ideal for industrial uses and protecting our environment.
In this work we demonstrate one-pot glycidol synthesis, via trans-esterification between glycerol and dimethyl carbonate, by making use of commercially available sodium methoxide as a catalyst. An excellent glycerol conversion (99%) and remarkable glycidol yield (75%) was obtained using dimethyl carbonate/glycerol (molar ratio 2:1) in the presence of 3 wt% catalyst amount (with respect to glycerol weight) at 85 °C for a reaction time of 120 min. Sodium methoxide was recycled and reused twice with only a slight decrease in glycerol conversion. The water content of the glycerol reached 2.5 wt%; this did not reduce the glycerol conversion efficiency of the catalyst. A plausible mechanism for the trans-esterification involved in the preparation of glycidol was proposed.
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