Was there a common hydrological pattern in the Iberian Peninsula region during the Medieval Climate Anomaly?

Moreno, Ana; Morellón, Mario; Martín-Puertas, Celia; Frigola, Jaime; Canals, Miquel; Cacho, Isabel; Corella, JP; Pérez, Ana Satorre; Belmonte, Ánchel; Vegas‐Vilarrúbia, Teresa; González-Sampériz, Penélope; Valero-Garces, B. L.

doi:10.22498/pages.19.1.16

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…These individual evaluations of climate evolution over Iberia, and compiled ones (e.g., Moreno et al, 2011;Sánchez-López et al, 2016), reveal multi-decadal to centennial climate variability in accordance with the main patterns identified for the Northern Hemisphere (Ahmed et al, 2013;Büntgen et al, 2011;Cook et al, 2004;Esper et al, 2002;Luterbacher et al, 2016;Moberg et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

The climate of the Common Era off the Iberian Peninsula

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The Mediterranean region is a climate hot spot, sensitive not only to global warming but also to water availability. In this work we document major temperature and precipitation changes in the Iberian Peninsula and margin during the last 2000 years and propose an interplay of the North Atlantic internal variability with the three atmospheric circulation modes (ACMs), (North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), east atlantic (EA) and Scandinavia (SCAND)) to explain the detected climate variability.We present reconstructions of sea surface temperature (SST derived from alkenones) and on-land precipitation (estimated from higher plant n-alkanes and pollen data) in sedimentary sequences recovered along the Iberian Margin between the south of Portugal (Algarve) and the northwest of Spain (Galiza) (36 to 42 • N).A clear long-term cooling trend, from 0 CE to the

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

The climate of the Common Era off the Iberian Peninsula

et al. 2017

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“…Cook et al, 2019;Faust et al, 2016;Lehner et al, 2012;Olsen et al, 2012;Ortega et al, 2015;Trouet et al, 2009) is important for understanding its present and future behavior. In the Iberian region, some of the climatic changes in recent millennia have coincided with large-scale North Atlantic processes and/or the Hadley Circulation (Luterbacher et al, 2012;Moreno et al, 2011Moreno et al, , 2012 as well as regional modes of climate variability such as the East Atlantic and Scandinavian modes that directly impact hydroclimate (Hernández et al, 2015;Sánchez-López et al, 2016). Moreover, several recent studies (Baker et al, 2015;Olsen et al, 2012;Trouet et al, 2012) have offered insight into the dynamics of the NAO in recent millennia; however, several unresolved issues remain.…”

Section: Centennial-scale Changes During the Late Holocene (42 Ka Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroclimate variability from western Iberia (Portugal) during the Holocene: Insights from a composite stalagmite isotope record

et al. 2020

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Iberia is predicted under future warming scenarios to be increasingly impacted by drought. While it is known that this region has experienced multiple intervals of enhanced aridity over the Holocene, additional hydroclimate-sensitive records from Iberia are necessary to place current and future drying into a broader perspective. Toward that end, we present a multi-proxy composite record from six well-dated and overlapping speleothems from Buraca Gloriosa (BG) cave, located in western Portugal. The coherence between the six stalagmites in this composite stalagmite record illustrates that climate (not in-cave processes) impacts speleothem isotopic values. This record provides the first high-resolution, precisely dated, terrestrial record of Holocene hydroclimate from west-central Iberia. The BG record reveals that aridity in western Portugal increased secularly from 9.0 ka BP to present, as evidenced by rising values of both carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) stable isotope values. This trend tracks the decrease in Northern Hemisphere summer insolation and parallels Iberian margin sea surface temperatures (SST). The increased aridity over the Holocene is consistent with changes in Hadley Circulation and a southward migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Centennial-scale shifts in hydroclimate are coincident with changes in total solar irradiance (TSI) after 4 ka BP. Several major drying events are evident, the most prominent of which was centered around 4.2 ka BP, a feature also noted in other Iberian climate records and coinciding with well-documented regional cultural shifts. Substantially, wetter conditions occurred from 0.8 ka BP to 0.15 ka BP, including much of the ‘Little Ice Age’. This was followed by increasing aridity toward present day. This composite stalagmite proxy record complements oceanic records from coastal Iberia, lacustrine records from inland Iberia, and speleothem records from both northern and southern Spain and depicts the spatial and temporal variability in hydroclimate in Iberia.

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“…The age‐depth model showed a fit of 9.55 and the 95% confidence ranges spanned from 39 to 184 years (average of 114 years), with a time resolution of 38 years every 1 cm between 342 and 301 cm bgl, 4 years every 1 cm between 301 and 237 cm bgl, and 2–3 years every 1 cm between 237 and 0 cm bgl (Figure S2). We defined the onset and end of the MCA ( ad 950–1300) and the LIA ( ad 1330–1850) in the model output following the chronology given by Cisneros et al () for Minorca and by Moreno et al () for the Iberian Peninsula.…”

Section: Methods and Method‐specific Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amplified environmental change: Evidence from land‐use and climate change in medieval Minorca

et al. 2018

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The debate on human environmental impact has often been locked into cause–effect reasoning, aiming at factoring human impact on top of climatic variability. Here we use evidence from Minorca and the Mediterranean region to show the potential for amplified environmental change emerging from complex feedbacks between climatic and historical events. Alluvial sediments collected in a gully reveal a 14‐ to 27‐fold increase in sediment accumulation rates, leading to the rapid aggradation of the valley floor from approximately ad 1300 onwards. These environmental changes coincided with the Feudal conquest of Minorca (ad 1287) and with the climatic shift from the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA, c. ad 900–1300) to the Little Ice Age (LIA, c. ad 1300–1850). This evidence of unprecedented sediment mobilisation, in context with climatic and historical events marking the Mediterranean region, highlights the implications for environmental vulnerability emerging from positive feedbacks between climate and land‐use. Understanding such interactions in historical contexts is paramount to increase our capacity for anticipatory learning in the face of rapid climatic, economical, and ecological transformations today.

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Was there a common hydrological pattern in the Iberian Peninsula region during the Medieval Climate Anomaly?

Abstract: Climate variability reconstructions for the last millennium from several Iberian lake and marine records shed light on the spatial and temporal hydroclimate and associated climate mechanisms during the Medieval Climate Anomaly.

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

The climate of the Common Era off the Iberian Peninsula

The climate of the Common Era off the Iberian Peninsula

Hydroclimate variability from western Iberia (Portugal) during the Holocene: Insights from a composite stalagmite isotope record

Amplified environmental change: Evidence from land‐use and climate change in medieval Minorca

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