Volatile Compounds and Sensory Analysis of Both Harvests of Double‐Cut Yakima Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.)

Abstract

North American peppermint oils are widely regarded as some of the most superior peppermint oils commercially available. Amongst them is Yakima double-cut peppermint oil (Mentha piperita L.). It has an aroma described as strong, refreshing, minty, slightly creamy, and very herbaceous with some of the most desirable flavor notes among peppermint oils. The peppermint is grown in the Yakima Valley of Washington State, USA. As one of the most northerly grown peppermints with longer days, it is unique as there are 2 harvests of the mint leaves in one season. For this study, samples of fresh and dried (hay) leaves were collected from both harvests; 1st cut, July and 2nd cut, September. Steam-distilled oils were produced from each harvest and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to give detailed profiles. The aroma and taste sensory attributes of each oil were evaluated. In addition, menthyl formate has previously been reported only once in the literature, but not as definitively as required by current flavor-regulatory bodies for use as a natural flavoring ingredient. It was conclusively reported in these peppermint oils.

Chemical composition and antioxidant and antifungal properties of Mentha x piperita L. (peppermint) and Mentha arvensis L. (cornmint) samples

“…CPS contained 5 to 13% of macroscopic impurities (sticks and stones), whereas NCP and NCC samples contained less than 1%. More than 90% of the total relative peak area of mint oils was represented by pmenthanes (Table 1), which agreed with results found elsewhere (Chen et al, 2011). They were mainly represented in CPS by menthol (> 37%), wherein NCP samples mainly contained menthone (31%).…”

“…In the present study, essential oil yields of NCC (4%, v/w) and NCP samples (2.5%, v/w) were consistent with those (1.2-3.9%, v/w) reported elsewhere (Chen et al, 2011). CPS, on the other hand, provided low oil yields (0.5-0.7%, v/w).…”

Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses of Male Fall Webworm Moths (Hyphantria cunea) to Herbivory-Induced Mulberry (Morus alba) Leaf Volatiles

“…This compound is commonly found in plant oils [32] and has been suggested to contribute to the development of unpleasant fishy and rancid odors [33]. Peppermint oil, which also contains cis-2-penten-1-ol, can deter insects [34]. The presence of this component only in volatiles emitted from leaves that were not herbivore damaged could explain the reduction in moth captures by the volatiles from mechanically-damaged leaves combined with the sex pheromone.…”

Properties and Uses of Chlorpyrifos in the United States

“…CPY is an important tool in management of a large number of pests (mainly insects and mites) and is used on a wide range of crops in the U. , which is about 50% less than the amount used prior to 2000. Applications to corn and soybeans accounts for 46-50% of CYP's annual use in the U.S. (Chen et al 2011;USDA 2010;Zheljazkov et al 2010) …”