Voicing cues in English final stops

Wolf, Catherine G.

doi:10.1016/s0095-4470(19)31162-3

Cited by 49 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…F 1 frequencies evolved towards relatively lower F 1 before voiced codas as they progressed from the onset /l/ through to the midpoint of the vowel, while F 2 frequencies evolved towards increasingly higher frequencies towards V-mid. This pattern supports the findings of Wolf (1978) and Summers (1988), particularly those of Wolf, and extends them to include the syllable onset as well. Some particular vowel qualities will produce different patterns.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…These coda-dependent differences, which may be reflected in the spectral patterns observed at vowel onset (V-on in Figures 1 and 2), mirror the pattern at the other end of the syllable: Chen (1970) and Fujimura & Miller (1979) have shown that F 1 transitions at a VC boundary are slower when the C is voiced, at least for low vowels. These small and relatively simple patterns in the acoustics may mask quite complex production effects: a number of experiments have shown that onset hawkins-nguyen_phon00-21 transitions in vowels preceding voiced vs. voiceless stops show complex effects in which tongue, jaw, and probably lip movements seem to be quasi-independent so that their combined effects produce rather small acoustic differences overall (Wolf, 1978;Fitch, 1981;Summers, 1987;Löfquist & Gracco, 1994).…”

Section: Spectral Shape: Formant Transitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here are the data. Wolf (1978) and Summers (1988), using simple VC and bVC stimuli respectively, showed that spectral differences in the early part of low vowels allow American listeners to predict the voicing of the coda. Wolf truncated naturally-spoken /QC/ syllables at a number of points, and concluded from listeners' forced-choice labelling of the final stop that "the cues to voicing in final stops appear to spread throughout the syllable."…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of syllable-coda voicing on the acoustic properties of syllable-onset /l/ in English

Hawkins

Nguyen

2004

Journal of Phonetics

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Properties of syllable onset /l/ that depend on the voicing of the syllable coda were measured for four speakers, representing different non-rhotic British English accents that differ in their phonetic realisation of onset /l/ and in their system of phonological contrast involving onset /l/ and /r/. Onset /l/ was longer before voiced than voiceless codas for all four speakers, and darker for two of them as measured by lower F 2 frequency, and for these two and one other as measured by spectral centre of gravity (COG). There were no coda-dependent differences in f 0 in the /l/, and F 1 frequency differed only for the fourth speaker. The vowel was also longer for all four speakers when the coda was voiced (as expected), while F 1 was lower and F 2 normally higher. One speaker provided data with fricative or affricate onsets: fricated segments were longer before voiced codas, but no coda-dependent COG differences were found. At least when the onset includes /l/, phonological voicing of the coda seems to be reflected in complex acoustic-phonetic properties distributed across the whole syllable, some properties being localised, others not. We describe these properties as variations in a bright~sombre dimension. In most accents, when the coda is voiceless, the syllable is relatively bright: small proportions of periodic energy which is relatively high-frequency at the syllable edges, and a high proportion of silence or aperiodic energy. When the coda is voiced, the syllable is relatively sombre: a high proportion of periodic energy which is relatively low-frequency at the syllable edges, and relatively small amounts of silence and aperiodic energy. Other accents use other combinations, dependent on the phonetic and phonological properties of liquids in the particular accent. The association of onset darkness and coda voicing does not seem to be ascribable to anticipatory coarticulation of features essential to voicing itself; this observation provides support for nonsegmental models of speech perception in which fine phonetic detail is mapped directly to linguistic structure without reference to phoneme-sized segments.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Spectral Shape: Formant Transitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of syllable-coda voicing on the acoustic properties of syllable-onset /l/ in English

Hawkins

Nguyen

2004

Journal of Phonetics

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“…Some of these variations serve as cues for phonological contrasts. For example, Wolf57 and Summers58 found that low vowels (/æ/ in Wolf, / / in Summers) show higher peak F 1 values before voiceless consonants than before voiced ones, the opposite of what would be expected from undershoot, given that vowels typically exhibit shorter durations before voiceless consonants. Moreover, higher F 1 values at the vowel offset59 and the onset and steady‐state60 have been found to result in identification of the following consonant as voiceless in perception experiments.…”

Section: Illustrations Of What Language Users ‘Know’mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociolinguistic variables and cognition

Thomas

2011

WIRES Cognitive Science

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Sociolinguistics has examined mental organization of language only sporadically. Meanwhile, areas of linguistics that deal with cognitive organization seldom delve deeply into language variation. Variation is essential for understanding how language is structured cognitively, however. Three kinds of evidence are discussed to illustrate this point. First, style shifting demonstrates that language users develop detailed associations of when to produce specific linguistic forms, depending on the pragmatic context. Second, variation in fine-grained phonetic cues shows that cognitive organization applies to linguistic forms not otherwise known to be under speakers' control. Finally, experiments on dialect comprehension and identification demonstrate that listeners have detailed cognitive associations of language variants with groups of people, whether or not they can produce the same variants themselves. A model is presented for how sociolinguistic knowledge can be viewed in relation to other parts of language with regard to cognitive and neural representations. WIREs Cogni Sci 2011 2 701-716 DOI: 10.1002/wcs.152 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.

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“…More commonly, researchers have suggested that vowel duration is one acoustic cue among a number of different cues that contribute to the voicing distinction of the following consonant (Hillenbrand, Ingrisano, Smith & Flege, 1984;Hogan & Rozsypal, 1980;Wolf, 1978). However, Luce and Luce (1978) suggest that vowel duration cues may be the most consistently and reliably produced of the various cues that have been found to play significant roles in the perception of voicing of a postvocalic consonant.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Vowel Duration as a Perceptual Cue to Voicing in the English of Native Spanish Speakers

George¹

2000

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Title: Investigating Vowel Duration as a Perceptual Cue to Voicing in the English of Native Spanish Speakers.Researchers in the cognitive sciences, and in particular those in acoustic phonetics, investigate the acoustic properties in the speech signal that enable listeners to perceive particular speech sounds. Temporal cues have been found to convey information about the linguistic content of an utterance. One acoustic characteristic that is particularly well documented in American English is the difference in vowel duration preceding voiced and voiceless consonants, which has been found to play a role in the perception of the voicing of postvocalic word-final consonants. Research on vowel duration and its role in the perception of the voicing distinction of the following consonant has primarily involved data from native English speakers.The purpose of the present study was to investigate the vowel durations preceding word-final voiced and voiceless stops in the English production of four native Spanish speakers. This study sought to determine if differences in vowel duration are exhibited preceding voiced and voiceless consonants in the English production of the native Spanish speakers, and to determine if the vowel durations affected the perception of the voicing distinction of the postvocalic stop by four native English speakers.

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Voicing cues in English final stops

Cited by 49 publications

References 13 publications

Influence of syllable-coda voicing on the acoustic properties of syllable-onset /l/ in English

Influence of syllable-coda voicing on the acoustic properties of syllable-onset /l/ in English

Sociolinguistic variables and cognition

Investigating Vowel Duration as a Perceptual Cue to Voicing in the English of Native Spanish Speakers

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