Vivax malaria presenting with cerebral malaria and convulsions

Anvikar, Anupkumar R.; Singh, Dinesh Kumar; Singh, Ruchi; Dash, A. P.; Valecha, Neena

doi:10.2478/s11686-010-0013-7

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Comparatively lower levels of AST, ALT, and ALP (33.8, 34.8, and 91.4, respectively) were recorded for mild infections in Nigeria [ 33 ]. Elevated levels of AST, ALT, and ALP (75, 162, and 265 IU/L) were also reported for P. vivax patients from New Delhi, India [ 34 ]. There was a significant rise in the level of liver enzymes in patients with high parasitemia as compared to those having mild and low infections ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Prevalence and Clinical Manifestations of Malaria in Aligarh, India

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Malaria is one of the most widespread infectious diseases of tropical countries with an estimated 207 million cases globally. In India, there are endemic pockets of this disease, including Aligarh. Hundreds of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax cases with severe pathological conditions are recorded every year in this district. The aim of this study is to find out changes in liver enzymes and kidney markers. Specific diagnosis for P. falciparum and P. vivax was made by microscopic examination of Giemsa stained slides. Clinical symptoms were observed in both of these infections. Liver enzymes, such as AST, ALT, and ALP, and kidney function markers, such as creatinine and urea, were estimated by standard biochemical techniques. In Aligarh district, P. vivax, P. falciparum, and mixed infections were 64%, 34%, and 2%, respectively. In case of P. falciparum infection, the incidences of anemia, splenomegaly, renal failure, jaundice, and neurological sequelae were higher compared to those in P. vivax infection. Recrudescence and relapse rates were 18% and 20% in P. falciparum and P. vivax infections, respectively. Liver dysfunctions and renal failures were more common in P. falciparum patients, particularly in elderly patients. Artesunate derivatives must, therefore, be introduced for the treatment of P. falciparum as they resist to chloroquine as well as sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine combinations.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Prevalence and Clinical Manifestations of Malaria in Aligarh, India

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Infection of P. vivax is historically believed to be a benign form of malaria. However recent reports suggest that P. vivax can also result in several complications including multiple organ failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome and CNS related problems [ 21 - 23 ]. It is, therefore, becoming even more important to understand the host-parasite interaction for vivax malaria, specifically how the host metabolism responds to the parasite infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global host metabolic response to Plasmodium vivax infection: a 1H NMR based urinary metabonomic study

Sengupta

Ghosh

Basant

et al. 2011

Malar J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundPlasmodium vivax is responsible for the majority of malarial infection in the Indian subcontinent. This species of the parasite is generally believed to cause a relatively benign form of the disease. However, recent reports from different parts of the world indicate that vivax malaria can also have severe manifestation. Host response to the parasite invasion is thought to be an important factor in determining the severity of manifestation. In this paper, attempt was made to determine the host metabolic response associated with P. vivax infection by means of NMR spectroscopy-based metabonomic techniques in an attempt to better understand the disease pathology.MethodsNMR spectroscopy of urine samples from P. vivax-infected patients, healthy individuals and non-malarial fever patients were carried out followed by multivariate statistical analysis. Two data analysis techniques were employed, namely, Principal Component Analysis [PCA] and Orthogonal Projection to Latent Structure Discriminant Analysis [OPLS-DA]. Several NMR signals from the urinary metabolites were further selected for univariate comparison among the classes.ResultsThe urine metabolic profiles of P. vivax-infected patients were distinct from those of healthy individuals as well as of non-malarial fever patients. A highly predictive model was constructed from urine profile of malarial and non-malarial fever patients. Several metabolites were found to be varying significantly across these cohorts. Urinary ornithine seems to have the potential to be used as biomarkers of vivax malaria. An increasing trend in pipecolic acid was also observed. The results suggest impairment in the functioning of liver as well as impairment in urea cycle.ConclusionsThe results open up a possibility of non-invasive analysis and diagnosis of P. vivax using urine metabolic profile. Distinct variations in certain metabolites were recorded, and amongst these, ornithine may have the potential of being used as biomarker of malaria. Pipecolic acid also showed increasing trend in the malaria patient compared to the other groups.

show abstract

“…We ALT and ALP (75,162 and 265 IU/L) were also recorded in P. vivax patients from Delhi, India (Anikar et al 2010). There was a significant difference in the activities of liver enzymes in severe malaria infection as compared to low and mild infections.…”

Section: ) Is Very Close To the Values Observed In Our Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinico-pathological studies of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax — malaria in India and Saudi Arabia

Khan

Zakai

Umm-e-Asma

2014

Acta Parasitologica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Malaria is one of the most devastating diseases of tropical countries with clinical manifestations such as anaemia, splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, hepatomegaly and acute renal failures. In this study, cases of thrombocytopenia and haemoglobinemia were more prominent in subjects infected with Plasmodium falciparum (Welch, 1897) than those with Plasmodium vivax (Grassi et Feletti, 1890). However, anaemia, jaundice, convulsions and acute renal failure were significantly high (3-4 times) in subjects infected with P. falciparum than those infected with P. vivax. The incidence of splenomegaly and neurological sequelae were 2 and 6 times higher in P. falciparum infections compared to the infections of P. vivax. Both in P. vivax and P. falciparum malaria, the cases of splenomegaly, jaundice and neurological sequelae were almost double in children (<10 years) compared to older patients. The liver enzymes were generally in normal range in cases of low and mild infections. However, the AST, ALT, ALP activities and serum bilirubin, creatinine, and the urea content were increased in P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria patients having high parasitaemia, confirming liver dysfunction and renal failures in few cases of severe malaria both in India and Saudi Arabia.

show abstract

Vivax malaria presenting with cerebral malaria and convulsions

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Prevalence and Clinical Manifestations of Malaria in Aligarh, India

Prevalence and Clinical Manifestations of Malaria in Aligarh, India

Global host metabolic response to Plasmodium vivax infection: a 1H NMR based urinary metabonomic study

Clinico-pathological studies of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax — malaria in India and Saudi Arabia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About