Vitamin K intake and the risk of fractures

Hao, Guangliang; Zhang, Bei; Gu, Mingyong; Chen, Chen; Zhang, Qiang; Gui-chun, Zhang; Cao, Xia

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000006725

Cited by 53 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Osteocalcin is a vitamin K-dependent Cabinding protein involved in bone remodeling (Moser and van der Eerden, 2019). Decreased vitamin K increases the incidence of fractures (Hao et al, 2017). Since warfarin passes through the placenta, it was considered that warfarin inhibits the vitamin K redox cycle in the embryo/fetus and subsequently affects bone formation in fetuses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel screening test to predict the developmental toxicity of drugs using human induced pluripotent stem cells

Aikawa

2020

J. Toxicol. Sci.

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In vitro human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells testing (iPST) to assess developmental toxicity, e.g., the induction of malformation or dysfunction, was developed by modifying a mouse embryonic stem cell test (EST), a promising animal-free approach. The iPST evaluates the potential risks and types of drugs-induced developmental toxicity in humans by assessing three endpoints: the inhibitory effects of the drug on the cardiac differentiation of iPS cells and on the proliferation/survival of iPS cells and human fibroblasts. In the present study, the potential developmental toxicity of drugs was divided into three classes (1: non-developmentally toxic, 2: weakly developmentally toxic and 3: strongly developmentally toxic) according to the EST criteria. In addition, the type of developmental toxicity of drugs was grouped into three types (1: non-effective, 2: embryotoxic [inducing growth retardation/dysfunction]/ deadly or 3: teratogenic [inducing malformation]/deadly) by comparing the three endpoints. The present study was intended to validate the clinical predictability of the iPST. The traditionally developmentally toxic drugs of aminopterin, methotrexate, all-trans-retinoic acid, thalidomide, tetracycline, lithium, phenytoin, 5-fluorouracil, warfarin and valproate were designated as class 2 or 3 according to the EST criteria, and their developmental toxicity was type 3. The non-developmentally toxic drugs of ascorbic acid, saccharin, isoniazid and penicillin G were designated as class 1, and ascorbic acid, saccharin and isoniazid were grouped as type 1 while penicillin G was type 2 but not teratogenic. These results suggest that the iPST is useful for predicting the human developmental toxicity of drug candidates in a preclinical setting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel screening test to predict the developmental toxicity of drugs using human induced pluripotent stem cells

Aikawa

2020

J. Toxicol. Sci.

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“…Microbiome alterations with bacterial overgrowth may affect absorption of nutrients, including proteins and vitamin K, with potential long‐term adverse effects on bone health and increased fracture risk . The potential interaction between PPIs and vitamin K is of interest, because vitamin K intake is associated with a protective effect on bone fractures …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(28) The potential interaction between PPIs and vitamin K is of interest, because vitamin K intake is associated with a protective effect on bone fractures. (29) The large difference in the incidence rates of bone fractures among different countries, as well as the finding that in Italian and German patients the side effect of PPI was not visible, remain unexplained and they deserve further studies, to identify which factors might prevent bone fractures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Risk of Bone Fractures in Hemodialysis Patients Treated with Proton Pump Inhibitors in Real World: Results from the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS)

Fusaro

D’Arrigo

Pitino

et al. 2019

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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Long‐term treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is associated with an increased risk of fractures in the general population. PPIs are widely prescribed to dialysis patients but to date no study has specifically tested, by state‐of‐art statistical methods, the relationship between use of PPIs and fractures in this patient population. This study aimed to assess whether use of PPIs is associated with bone fractures (ie, hip fractures and fractures other than hip fractures) in a large international cohort of hemodialysis patients. We considered an observational prospective cohort of 27,097 hemodialysis patients from the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS). Data analysis was performed by the Fine and Gray method, considering the competitive risk of mortality, as well as by a cause‐specific hazards Cox model with death as a censoring event and matching patients according to the prescription time. Of 27,097 hemodialysis patients, 13,283 patients (49%) were on PPI treatment. Across the follow‐up period (median, 19 months), 3.8 bone fractures × 100 person‐years and 1.2 hip fractures × 100 person‐years occurred. In multiple Cox models, considering the competitive risk of mortality, the incidence rate of bone (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR] 1.22; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.36; p < 0.001) and hip fractures (SHR 1.35; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.62; p = 0.001) was significantly higher in PPI‐treated than in PPI‐untreated patients. These findings also held true in multiple, cause‐specific, hazards Cox models matching patients according to the prescription time (bone fractures: HR 1.47; 95% CI, 1.23 to 1.76; p < 0.001; hip fractures: HR 1.85; 95% CI, 1.37 to 2.50; p < 0.001). The use of PPIs requires caution and a careful evaluation of risks/benefits ratio in hemodialysis patients. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

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“…Moreover, higher levels of vitamin K are associated with elevated levels of osteocalcin; therefore, vitamin K helps the body produce osteocalcin, a protein that helps to improve bone density and reduce fracture risk [ 40 ]. Finally, data from a recent meta-analysis point out that daily intake of vitamin K is significantly associated with reduced risk of fractures [ 44 ].…”

Section: Micronutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Aspects of Bone Health and Fracture Healing

Karpouzos

Diamantis

Farmaki

et al. 2017

Journal of Osteoporosis

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Introduction Fractures are quite common, especially among the elderly. However, they can increase in prevalence in younger ages too if the bone health is not good. This may happen as a result of bad nutrition. Methods A customized, retrospective review of available literature was performed using the following keywords: bone health, nutrition, and fractures. Results Insufficient intake of certain vitamins, particularly A and D, and other nutrients, such as calcium, may affect bone health or even the time and degree of bone healing in case of fracture. The importance of different nutrients, both dietary and found in food supplements, is discussed concerning bone health and fracture healing. Conclusion A healthy diet with adequate amounts of both macro- and micronutrients is essential, for both decreasing fracture risk and enhancing the healing process after fracture.

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Vitamin K intake and the risk of fractures

Cited by 53 publications

References 38 publications

A novel screening test to predict the developmental toxicity of drugs using human induced pluripotent stem cells

A novel screening test to predict the developmental toxicity of drugs using human induced pluripotent stem cells

Increased Risk of Bone Fractures in Hemodialysis Patients Treated with Proton Pump Inhibitors in Real World: Results from the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS)

Nutritional Aspects of Bone Health and Fracture Healing

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