Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Role in Insulin Resistance, Glycemic Control and Long Term Complications

Wardani, Indah Sapta; Sahly, Aliza Raudatin; Ajmala, Indana Eva; Suryani, Dewi

doi:10.29303/jku.v11i2.763

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…These findings are supported by numerous reports that have shown a higher risk of developing diabetes in individuals with VDD [22,23]. VD can play significant roles in improving glucose metabolism and IR in DM by enhancing secretion and sensitivity of insulin, as well as mitigating inflammation in T2DM [24]. VDD has been linked to poor glycemic control and IR in patients with T2DM, as well as complications of DM [25].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Association between vitamin D levels and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abdulmajeed Arif,

Kamal Rasheed,

Ismaeel

2024

Adv. life sci.

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Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is a major contributor to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is associated with various metabolic disorders. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has been linked to an increased risk of T2DM, but the relationship between vitamin D status and IR in T2DM patients remains unclear. This study explores this association in a male population with T2DM in Baghdad, Iraq.Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 190 male participants: 40 healthy controls and 150 patients categorized into different groups; 40 diabetic patients, 55 with coronary artery disease (CAD) and T2DM (CAD+DM), and 55 with only CAD. Physicians diagnosed them, and they were evaluated by physical and full medical history. All the sample set parameters were measured in the fasting state for each group. The biochemical tests included body mass index (BMI), vitamin D levels, insulin levels, fasting tests glucose (FBG), and HbA1c were measured. Insulin resistance was calculated using the HOMA-IR model.Results: Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in all diabetic groups (DM, CAD+DM) compared to the control group (p<0.001). All diabetic patients had insulin resistance. BMI was significantly higher in the CAD and CAD+DM groups compared to controls (p<0.00001, p<0.004). FBG, HbA1c, insulin levels, and HOMA-IR were all significantly higher in diabetic patients compared to controls (p<0.001 for all). Furthermore, increased HbA1c, fasting insulin, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were associated with CAD progression in T2DM patients (p < 0.001).Conclusion: This study suggests that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to insulin resistance in male T2DM patients in Baghdad, Iraq. Maintaining optimal vitamin D levels may be beneficial in diabetes management in this population. Incorporating vitamin D screening into routine check-ups for T2DM patients could aid in early detection and prevention of insulin resistance-associated complications.Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Insulin resistance; Vitamin D; Coronary artery disease

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Association between vitamin D levels and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abdulmajeed Arif,

Kamal Rasheed,

Ismaeel

2024

Adv. life sci.

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“…Several studies have indicated that vitamin D inhibits the formation of free radicals and plays a crucial part in the functioning of pancreatic β-cells, insulin sensitivity, as well as secretion through direct or indirect mechanisms. 13 Vitamin D supplementation is an approach to meeting the required nutrients in patients with diabetes mellitus. Vitamin D has the ability to enhance insulin sensitivity by directly interacting with receptors, thereby facilitating glucose transport across cells and activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor D. Additionally, it stimulates insulin secretion through direct interaction with vitamin D receptors on β cells and indirectly regulating calcium transport within β cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of UV-B Irradiated Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) Powder on Plasma Glucose and TNF-α Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

2023

TJNPR

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Vitamin D deficiency is associated with various non-specific chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and autoimmune disorders. 1 This health condition is a predisposition to insulin resistance as well as pancreatic β-cell damage, contributing to the growth of diabetes mellitus due to the importance of vitamin D pancreatic β-cells role, insulin sensitivity, and secretion. The vitamin D receptor directly activates insulin gene transcription, leading to increased insulin secretion and stimulating receptor expression, thereby improving insulin sensitivity. Indirectly, this vitamin also acts as a modulator of pancreatic β-cells to secrete an adequate amount of insulin. 2 Hyperglycemia in diabetic patients causes an increase in the production of ROS, which can cause oxidative tension. 3,4 The elevated production of ROS can lead to an increase in the term of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), inducing oxidative stress and potentially causing life-threatening complications. 5 Hyperglycemia or high blood glucose levels result in inflammation, triggering a non-specific immune response that activates macrophages to release the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα. High levels of TNF-α also contribute to insulin resistance, causing endothelial dysfunction and complications in type two diabetes mellitus patients. 6

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Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Role in Insulin Resistance, Glycemic Control and Long Term Complications

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Association between vitamin D levels and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Association between vitamin D levels and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

The Potential of UV-B Irradiated Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) Powder on Plasma Glucose and TNF-α Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

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