Visuospatial complexity modulates reading in the brain

Rao, Chaitra; Singh, Nandini Chatterjee

doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2014.11.010

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…It has, for example, been successfully used to study systems involved with sensory-motor functions (Biswal et al, 1995; Calvo-Merino et al, 2005), language (Woermann et al, 2003; Centeno et al, 2014), visuospatial orientation (Formisano et al, 2002; Rao and Singh, 2015), attention (Vuilleumier et al, 2001; Markett et al, 2014), memory (Machulda et al, 2003; Sidhu et al, 2015) affective processing (Kiehl et al, 2001; Shinkareva et al, 2014), working memory (Curtis and D'Esposito, 2003; Meyer et al, 2015), personality dimensions (Canli et al, 2001; Sampaio et al, 2013), decision-making (Bush et al, 2002; Soares et al, 2012), and executive function (Just et al, 2007; Di et al, 2014). Functional MRI has also been used as a tool in the study of topics as diverse as addiction behavior (Chase and Clark, 2010; Kober et al, 2016), neuromarketing (Ariely and Berns, 2010; Kuhn et al, 2016) and politics (Knutson et al, 2006), among others.…”

Section: Application Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hitchhiker's Guide to Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

et al. 2016

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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies have become increasingly popular both with clinicians and researchers as they are capable of providing unique insights into brain functions. However, multiple technical considerations (ranging from specifics of paradigm design to imaging artifacts, complex protocol definition, and multitude of processing and methods of analysis, as well as intrinsic methodological limitations) must be considered and addressed in order to optimize fMRI analysis and to arrive at the most accurate and grounded interpretation of the data. In practice, the researcher/clinician must choose, from many available options, the most suitable software tool for each stage of the fMRI analysis pipeline. Herein we provide a straightforward guide designed to address, for each of the major stages, the techniques, and tools involved in the process. We have developed this guide both to help those new to the technique to overcome the most critical difficulties in its use, as well as to serve as a resource for the neuroimaging community.

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Section: Application Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hitchhiker's Guide to Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

et al. 2016

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“…To explore the complex orthographic visuospatial complexity of Devanagari, a follow‐up study was conducted by Rao and Singh () which used phonologically transparent, high and low frequency Hindi/Devanagari words that were visually simple or complex. Although participants’ behavior was modestly influenced by visuospatial complexity, neuroimaging data revealed a robust effect of complexity wherein increased neural activation was seen in the visual word form area, right frontal regions, inferior orbitofrontal, mid‐temporal pole and left cerebellum for reading visuospatially complex over simple words.…”

Section: Research On Reading Acquisition In Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Reading Research and Practice: Indian Perspective

Joshi

Nakamura

Singh

2017

New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development

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“…That is, in both scripts, there are different layers of complexity of representation of the orthographic syllables, a basic level, in which the akshara represent vowels alone or consonants with an inherent schwa, an intermediate level in which akshara represent consonant and vowel ligature combinations, and a complex level in which akshara represent conjunct consonants and vowel combinations. Eye movement data with Kannada readers show that processing difficulty is greater the more complex the script layout (Padakannaya et al 2016); similarly, orthographic complexity of words in Hindi affects naming ease at the behavioral and neurobehavioral level (Rao and Singh 2015). Despite the commonalities in their design layout and visuospatial complexity, Hindi and Kannada scripts differ markedly in the physical appearance of the akshara and in their spelling conventions.…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The processing cost for reading misaligned words is script-specific: evidence from Hindi and Kannada/Hindi readers

2017

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Among biscriptal readers do script-specific orthographic properties in one language affect the processing of words in their other language? This question was examined with respect to the seriality effect, a phenomenon first reported by Vaid and Gupta (Brain Lang 81:679-690, 2002). In this effect, native readers of Hindi are slower to name words whose written and spoken order is misaligned (e.g., the word win is written I-W-N), as compared to words containing letters whose written order is congruent with their spoken order. The present study examined whether the seriality effect is restricted to stimuli presented in the original script (Hindi) or carries over to affect processing in a structurally similar but visuospatially different script (Kannada) which does not have the same misalignment. In a lexical decision task, slower responses to misaligned than to aligned Hindi words were observed in both readers of Hindi and in KannadaHindi biliterates; however, biliterates' responses were not slower to cognates of Hindi misaligned words presented in Kannada script. These findings suggest that processing costs associated with orthographic conventions of a particular script do not carry over to another script, even when the scripts in question share similar design principles. More generally, our findings suggest that the processing of orthographic knowledge relating to the sequencing of sounds and letters is script-specific.

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Visuospatial complexity modulates reading in the brain

Cited by 21 publications

References 74 publications

A Hitchhiker's Guide to Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

A Hitchhiker's Guide to Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Reading Research and Practice: Indian Perspective

The processing cost for reading misaligned words is script-specific: evidence from Hindi and Kannada/Hindi readers

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