Virus passage through compromised low-pressure membranes: A particle tracking model

A review on hospital wastewater treatment: A special emphasis on occurrence and removal of pharmaceutically active compounds, resistant microorganisms, and SARS-CoV-2

“…The physicochemical properties of the membrane, surface properties of the virus, and their electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction with the aqueous solution also play a significant role in the removal of viruses by membrane processes [69] . Researchers have obtained significant amount of virus removal using reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration and microfiltration [149] , [150] , [151] , [152] , [153] , [154] , [155] , [156] , [157] . The ‘capture cone’ is referred to the passage of the virus through the holes in the membrane surface, and it was found to decrease with the increase in transmembrane pressure [152] .…”

“…Researchers have obtained significant amount of virus removal using reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration and microfiltration [149] , [150] , [151] , [152] , [153] , [154] , [155] , [156] , [157] . The ‘capture cone’ is referred to the passage of the virus through the holes in the membrane surface, and it was found to decrease with the increase in transmembrane pressure [152] . It was observed that the aged reverse osmosis membrane helped in the adsorption of a virus surrogate (MS2 phage), and the rejection of MS2 phage was found to be in the order of 4 log-scale, in spite of damage to the membrane [157] .…”

Manipulating the Coulomb interaction: a Green's function perspective

“…This case is interesting from a technical point of view since it is not obvious how to locate the image charges to satisfy the boundary conditions, and interesting from an applied point of view due to its relevance to membranes. A hole or pore in the membrane of a biological cell can allow a variety of possibly ionised particles to enter [41]. The required Green's function may be obtained from the Kelvin inversion from the Green's function of the semi-infinite half-plane [38,42].…”

UQ eSpace

“…Net flow through the holes has been investigated by flux experiments and determined by subtracting the flow in an uncompromised membrane form the flow through a compromised membrane. The study concluded that virus passage has been significantly affected by the hole size: the larger the hole greater is the pull towards the hole (Pontius et al,2011).…”

“…In 1995, Adham Jacangelo and Laine punched reverse osmosis membranes to create holes  600 µm in diameter using needles. Years later, (MF) and (UF) membranes were pierced using needles to create 25m diameter holes (MF) and laser drilling technique to make 3m diameter holes only in UF to study the effect of virus passage (Pontius et al,2011). The UF membranes were punched using an Excimer laser by using a commercial laser-drilling company (J.P Sercel and Assoc., Hollis, NH) Membranes pierced with needles in UF and MF reacted differently (Pontius et al 2011).…”