Virus genomes and virus-host interactions in aquaculture animals

Abstract

Over the last 30 years, aquaculture has become the fastest growing form of agriculture production in the world, but its development has been hampered by a diverse range of pathogenic viruses. During the last decade, a large number of viruses from aquatic animals have been identified, and more than 100 viral genomes have been sequenced and genetically characterized. These advances are leading to better understanding about antiviral mechanisms and the types of interaction occurring between aquatic viruses and their hosts. Here, based on our research experience of more than 20 years, we review the wealth of genetic and genomic information from studies on a diverse range of aquatic viruses, including iridoviruses, herpesviruses, reoviruses, and rhabdoviruses, and outline some major advances in our understanding of virus-host interactions in animals used in aquaculture.

Spring viraemia of carp virus: recent advances

“…It contains five ORFs encoding five structural proteins: a nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein (P), matrix protein (M), glycoprotein (G) and RNAdependent RNA polymerase (L) (Hoffmann et al, 2002;Teng et al, 2007;Zhang & Gui, 2015). The five viral genes are organized in the order typical of rhabdoviruses: 39-N-P-M-G-L-59 (Hoffmann et al, 2002;Teng et al, 2007;Zhang & Gui, 2015). The SVCV model structure and genome organization are shown in Fig.…”

Rana grylio virus TK and DUT gene locus could be simultaneously used for foreign gene expression

“…Recently, the complete genome of RGV has been sequenced and analyzed (Lei et al, 2012b). To date, 19 iridovirus genomes have been completely sequenced (Tan et al, 2004;Tsai et al, 2005;Jancovich et al, 2015;Zhang and Gui, 2015). Ranaviruses have been believed to be responsible for epidemics and die-offs in fish, amphibian and reptile over the past two decades Lesbarrères et al, 2012;Stöhr et al, 2013).…”

Complete genome sequence and architecture of crucian carp Carassius auratus herpesvirus (CaHV)

“…The viruses causing these diseases, including iridoviruses, reoviruses, rhabdoviruses, nodaviruses and herpesviruses [1][2][3][4][5], are considered emerging threats to global aquaculture. For example, iridoviruses have been reported in fish, amphibians and reptiles [6][7][8].…”

“…Fish herpesviruses have been responsible for severe losses of cyprinid fishes in recent years [2,9,10]. The complete genomes of seven fish herpesviruses in the family Alloherpesviridae have been reported, five of which belong to cyprinid herpesviruses, including cyprinid herpesvirus 1 (CyHV1, 291,144 bp), cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV2, 290,304 bp) [11], a variant CyHV2 (SY-C1, 289,365 bp) [12], cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV3 295,146 bp) [5], and a Chinese CyHV3 isolate (KHV-GZ11, 295,119 bp) [13].…”

“…Cyprinid herpesviruses have been reported to cause serious mortality in common carp and crucian carp (Carassius auratus). CyHV1 is the cause of carp pox, and CyHV2 causes herpesviral haematopioetic necrosis (HVHN) disease in common carp, goldfish, crucian carp and gibel carp [2]. CyHV3, the archetype of fish alloherpesviruses, infects common and koi carp [14].…”