Spring viraemia of carp virus: recent advances

Ashraf, Usama; Lu, Yuanan; Lin, Li; Yuan, Junfa; Wang, Min; Liu, Xueqin

doi:10.1099/jgv.0.000436

Cited by 176 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 143 publications

(104 reference statements)

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“…Primary among these diseases is the spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV), a notifiable pathogen according to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE, 2017a) and a virus responsible for mortalities associated with acute haemorrhaging. To date, SVCV has been reported in common carp and other freshwater cyprinids in Asia and Europe, while detection on the American continent has been reported in the United States, Canada (Ahne et al, ; Ashraf et al, ; Garver et al, ; Goodwin, ) and Brazil (Alexandrino, Ranzani‐Paiva, & Romano, ; OIE, 2017a). Nevertheless, SVCV has not yet been detected in Mexico.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SVCV, the type species of the Sprivivirus genus and member of the Rhabdoviridae family (Afonso et al, ; ICTV, ; OIE, 2017a), exhibits a genome structure that includes five genes encoded in the order 3‐N‐P‐M‐G‐L‐5, representing the nucleocapsid, phosphoprotein, matrix protein, glycoprotein and polymerase protein genes, respectively. SVCV infects different carp species, as well as other cyprinids and ictalurids (Ashraf et al, ), and poses sanitary concerns in the global aquaculture industry. Other aquatic rhabdoviruses are also a threat to wild and farmed fish species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First detection of spring viraemia of carp virus in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) affected by a septicaemic disease in Mexico

Ortega

Cañas-López

Irgang

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Spring viraemia of carp (SVC) is an infectious disease responsible for severe economic losses for various cyprinid species, particularly common carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio). The causative agent is the SVC virus (SVCV), a member of the Sprivivirus genus, Rhabdoviridae family, and a List 1 pathogen notifiable by the World Organization for Animal Health. This study describes the diagnosis of an SVCV pathogen isolated in October 2015 from wild common carp inhabiting a natural lagoon in central Mexico. While neither an epidemic nor fish mortalities were reported, the collected killed specimens exhibited clinical signs of disease (e.g., exopthalmia, moderate abdominal distension and haemorrhaging, as well as internal haemorrhages and adhesions). Histological results of injuries were consistent with the pathology caused by SVCV. This finding was supported by the isolation of a virus in EPC and BF‐2 cells and subsequent RT‐PCR confirmation of SVCV. The phylogenetic analyses of partial SVCV glycoprotein gene sequences classified the isolates into the Ia genogroup. These findings make this the first report of SVCV detection in Mexico, extending the southern geographical range of SVCV within North America. However, since this pathogen was detected in fish inhabiting a natural body of water without tributaries or effluents, it is difficult to estimate the risk of SVCV for other wild/feral cohabitating cyprinid species in the lagoon. The status of this virus is also unknown for other bodies of water within this region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First detection of spring viraemia of carp virus in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) affected by a septicaemic disease in Mexico

Ortega

Cañas-López

Irgang

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Diseases

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“…One of the most frequently used viral infection models in zebrafish is SVCV. SVCV is a member of the genus Spirivivirus , family Rhabdoviridae (ICTV Taxonomy, ) and is a bullet‐shaped virus with a negative single‐stranded RNA genome of 11 019 nucleotides containing five open reading frames (ORFs) (Ashraf et al, ). Importantly, studies on SVCV infection in zebrafish provide also data for modelling the interplay between the virus and its natural fish host common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ), genetically close to zebrafish species and widely used in aquaculture production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as an animal model for the viral infections of fish

Rakus

Adamek

Mojzesz

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a laboratory model organism used in different areas of biological research including studies of immune response and host–pathogen interactions. Thanks to many biological tools available, zebrafish becomes also an important model in aquaculture research since several fish viral infection models have been developed for zebrafish. Here, we have evaluated the possible use of zebrafish to study infections with fish viruses that have not yet been tested on this model organism. In vitro studies demonstrated that chum salmon reovirus (CSV; aquareovirus A) and two alloherpesviruses cyprinid herpesvirus 1 (CyHV‐1) and cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV‐3) are able to replicate in zebrafish cell lines ZF4 and SJD.1. Moreover, CSV induced a clear cytopathic effect and up‐regulated the expression of antiviral genes vig‐1 and mxa in both cell lines. In vivo studies demonstrated that both CSV and CyHV‐3 induce up‐regulation of vig‐1 and mxa expression in kidney and spleen of adult zebrafish after infection by i.p. injection but not in larvae after infection by immersion. CyHV‐3 is eliminated quickly from fish; therefore, virus clearing process could be evaluated, and in CSV‐infected fish, a prolonged confrontation of the host with the pathogen could be studied.

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“…Along with fish demands increase, it is critical to reduce losses from viral diseases that economically devastate the aquaculture industry (Balmer et al, 2017). Considered as one of the most serious viral threats for cyprinids, spring viraemia of carp (SVC) has caused large-scale deaths and serious economic losses in the aquaculture industry in the past decades (Ashraf et al, 2016). The causative agent of SVC is spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV) which is classified as a member of the Rhabdoviridae family (Ashraf et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considered as one of the most serious viral threats for cyprinids, spring viraemia of carp (SVC) has caused large-scale deaths and serious economic losses in the aquaculture industry in the past decades (Ashraf et al, 2016). The causative agent of SVC is spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV) which is classified as a member of the Rhabdoviridae family (Ashraf et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2019). SVCV is an enveloped, bullet-shaped RNA virus encoding a negative-sense, ssRNA genome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral activity of anisomycin against spring viraemia of carp virus in epithelioma papulosum cyprini cells and zebrafish

Shen

Zhu

et al. 2019

Virus Research

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A B S T R A C T Spring viraemia of carp (SVC) caused by spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV) is an acute and highly lethal viral disease of cyprinid fish. However, effective therapy for SVC is still scarce until now. Here we evaluated the inhibition of anisomycin (Ani), a metabolite produced by Streptomyces griseolus, on the replication of SVCV in vitro and in vivo. Our results demonstrated that Ani could suppress SVCV replication with the maximum inhibitory rate > 95% in epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells. And the half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC 50 ) of Ani on SVCV glycoprotein (G), nucleoprotein (N) and phosphoprotein mRNA expressions were 21.79, 13.13 and 12.24 nM, respectively. Besides, Ani decreased SVCV-induced cytopathic effects and nucleus damages. As expected, Ani also showed a strong anti-SVCV activity in vivo, as indicated by inhibiting viral gene expression and increasing the survival rate of zebrafish. Intraperitoneal injection of Ani increased the survival rate of zebrafish by 30% and markedly inhibited the expressions of G and N mRNA by > 60% in kidney and spleen at day 1 and day 4 post-infection. Results so far suggest that Ani as a powerful agent against SVCV can be applied to the control of SVC in aquaculture.

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Spring viraemia of carp virus: recent advances

Cited by 176 publications

References 143 publications

First detection of spring viraemia of carp virus in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) affected by a septicaemic disease in Mexico

First detection of spring viraemia of carp virus in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) affected by a septicaemic disease in Mexico

Evaluation of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as an animal model for the viral infections of fish

Antiviral activity of anisomycin against spring viraemia of carp virus in epithelioma papulosum cyprini cells and zebrafish

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