Virtual reference interferometry: theory and experiment

Galle, Michael A.; Saini, Simarjeet S.; Mohammed, Waleed S.; Qian, Li

doi:10.1364/josab.29.003201

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This leads to several pertinent purely quantumenabled features: due to the use of an energy-time entangled two-photon N 00N -state, the required precision on equilibrating the interferometer is ∼10 m instead of microns to millimetres in standard WLI [11][12][13][14]. This is particularly interesting for improving the ease-of-use as no re-alignment is necessary when changing the SUT; compared to equation 1, the third-order term d 3 n dλ 3 in equation 3 is cancelled thanks to energy-time correlations [31]; furthermore, the wavelength at which chromatic dispersion is measured, λ * , does not have to be extracted from the data, as it is exactly twice the wavelength of the continuous-wave pump laser, λ p , and can therefore be known with extremely high accuracy.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the second derivative of the wavelength-dependent optical phase. Classical WLI requires, however, precise interferometer equalisation [11,12] and is influenced by third-order dispersion [13,14] which leads to systematic errors that are difficult to account for. We eliminate all those drawbacks by inferring chromatic dispersion using energy-time entangled photon pairs and coincidence counting to measure spectral correlation functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantum enhancement of accuracy and precision in optical interferometry

Kaiser¹,

Vergyris²,

Aktas³

et al. 2017

Light Sci Appl

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White-light interferometry is one of today’s most precise tools for determining the properties of optical materials. Its achievable precision and accuracy are typically limited by systematic errors due to a high number of interdependent data-fitting parameters. Here, we introduce spectrally resolved quantum white-light interferometry as a novel tool for optical property measurements, notably, chromatic dispersion in optical fibres. By exploiting both spectral and photon-number correlations of energy-time entangled photon pairs, the number of fitting parameters is significantly reduced, which eliminates systematic errors and leads to an absolute determination of the material parameter. By comparing the quantum method to state-of-the-art approaches, we demonstrate the quantum advantage of 2.4 times better measurement precision, despite requiring 62 times fewer photons. The improved results are due to conceptual advantages enabled by quantum optics, which are likely to define new standards in experimental methods for characterising optical materials.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum enhancement of accuracy and precision in optical interferometry

Kaiser¹,

Vergyris²,

Aktas³

et al. 2017

Light Sci Appl

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“…2(b). Note that the difference between VRI, as described in [6], and LC-VRI is the degree of imbalance between the test and reference path lengths (relative separation between the phase fronts − → U 0 and − → U 1) to allow for resolution of the interference pattern using a low resolution spectrometer. The relationship between the average period of the interference fringes and the group delay difference between the test and reference paths is given as T avg (λ 0 ) = λ 2 0 2 N g (λ 0 ) L f − L air so that the interference fringes have a larger period and can be resolved by a low resolution spectrometer when the difference is small.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, we introduced virtual reference interferometry (VRI) [6] to combine the single scan measurement capability of USI with the capability of BSI for characterizing first and second order chromatic dispersion directly from the interference pattern. The VRI technique in [6] used a high coherence common path interferometry configuration to characterize fibers several tens of centimeters in length without the need for a physical reference path. This setup, however, required a wide band tunable laser with a wavelength resolution of 0.1pm, which may not always be available (in the wavelength range of interest) or may be too costly in comparison to a low coherence interferometry setup.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Coherence Virtual Reference Interferometry for Dispersion Analysis

Galle

Qian

2014

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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We present low-coherence virtual reference interferometry (LC-VRI) for short length (<1 m) fiber dispersion characterization using a broadband LED source and a low-resolution spectrometer or spectrum analyzer. The LC-VRI is a simple and convenient alternative to balanced spectral interferometry (BSI), capable of measuring both first-and second-order dispersion directly from the interference pattern. The main advantage of using LC-VRI instead of BSI is that full characterization can be performed from a single spectral scan, without the need for precision control of the reference path. The technique is demonstrated for the characterization of SMF28 fiber and the results are compared with the manufacturer's specifications and to measurements obtained using BSI. The standard deviation of the first-and second-order dispersion is found to be on the order of 10 −3 ps and 10 −4 ps/nm, respectively, for both BSI and LC-VRI. IndexTerms-Chromatic dispersion, measurement techniques, optical fiber dispersion, optical fiber testing, optical interferometry.

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“…The values are measured to be L 17 cm and β ω F 2 15 ps 2 ∕km [15] for our fiber, and the bandwidth is calculated to be 2π10.6 THz.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

Poled-fiber source of broadband polarization-entangled photon pairs

et al. 2013

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We demonstrate broadband polarization-entangled photon pair generation in a poled fiber phase matched for Type II downconversion in the 1.5 μm telecom band. Even with signal-idler separation greater than 100 nm, we observe fringe visibilities greater than 97% and tangle greater than 0.8. A Hong-Ou-Mandel interference experiment is also used to experimentally confirm the broadband nature of the entanglement.

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Virtual reference interferometry: theory and experiment

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Quantum enhancement of accuracy and precision in optical interferometry

Quantum enhancement of accuracy and precision in optical interferometry

Low-Coherence Virtual Reference Interferometry for Dispersion Analysis

Poled-fiber source of broadband polarization-entangled photon pairs

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