Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive–Motor Rehabilitation in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Study on Motivation and Cognitive Function

Park, Jisu; Jung, Young‐Dae; Lee, Gihyoun

doi:10.3390/healthcare8030335

Cited by 51 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Cognitive rehabilitation using virtual reality can help improve cognitive function in older adults with cognitive impairment or dementia. This is in line with research conducted by (Park, Jung and Lee, 2020), where his research stated that participants who have been given virtual realitybased cognitive rehabilitation interventions to carry out various daily activities such as driving, bathing, cooking, and studying can stimulate several cognitive aspects such as attention, memory, problem problems, and executive training.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…In addition, physical exercise can stimulate the hypothalamic, pituitary, and adrenal axes which increase cortisol levels which increase thinking and memory skills. The results of this study indicate that the quality improvement in memory function is calculated by a cognitive assessment using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale, especially on the aspects of memory and attention (Park, Jung and Lee, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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The Effect of Virtual Reality on Cognitive Functions in Ladies With Dementia: Literature Review

Seran

Haryanto²,

Ulfiana³

2021

JoViN

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Introduction: The decline in cognitive function that occurs in the elderly with dementia will have an impact on decreasing daily physical and social activities in the elderly resulting in decreased quality of life for the elderly. One of the interventions that can be used to maintain cognitive function in the elderly is by using virtual reality. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explain the effect of virtual reality on cognitive function in elderly people with dementia based on empirical studies in the last five years. Method: the process of searching for journals or articles using a database indexed by Scopus, ProQuest, and Science Direct using adequate keywords. The framework used for the review was PICOS and the inclusion criteria used were English-language journals with issues from 2015 to 2020. Data analysis and tabulation were carried out in articles or journals. Title, abstract, full text, and methodology are assessed to determine the eligibility of the article or journal. Results: 758's articles were identified, ten articles fit the research criteria. Virtual reality affects cognitive function where it can improve memory, attention, executive function and can increase the overall scale of the MoCA. The advantage over the use of virtual reality for the elderly with dementia is that it not only improves cognitive but also improves motor coordination, reduces behavioral and psychological symptoms, and can be used to detect cognitive impairments early. Conclusion: In carrying out cognitive rehabilitation programs in the elderly can use technology-based interventions by using virtual reality.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Effect of Virtual Reality on Cognitive Functions in Ladies With Dementia: Literature Review

Seran

Haryanto²,

Ulfiana³

2021

JoViN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…After reviewing the full texts, 22 trials were included for primary analysis. Then, two studies with low cognitive scores measured by the MoCA 34 and MMSE, 22 one study with large variation 19 and two studies with high risk of bias 35,36 were removed. A total of 17 studies of VR cognitive training in individuals with MCI were included.…”

Section: Identification Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 Some recent original studies of the effects of VR on cognitive function have added new evidence to the field, and individuals with MCI are a popular interventional population for VR cognitive training. 12,17,19 The results of experimental studies focusing on the effects of VR cognitive training in individuals with MCI have not been consistent; some have indicated that VR cognitive training has positive effects, [20][21][22] while others have reported no effects. 17,19,23…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of virtual reality cognitive training in individuals with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Zhong

Chen

Feng

et al. 2021

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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Background: Virtual reality (VR) is used to improve specific health needs by combining multiple technologies; it is increasingly being used in the medical field, showing satisfactory effects, especially in the management of chronic disease. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of VR cognitive training for individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: Peer-reviewed articles were searched from the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Science Direct, and EBSCOhost databases, as well as CNKI, Sinomed, Vip. and Wan Fang, through 23 May 2021. We only included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) enrolling participants with MCI. Results: Seventeen RCTs were included, with a total of 744 participants. Evidence of moderate quality showed that VR cognitive training significantly enhanced MCI patients' global cognitive function, as measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.04-0.79; p = 0.03) and executive function, as measured by trail making test A (SMD = −0.58; 95% CI, −0.80 to −0.35; p < 0.001). The meta-analysis indicated that the effects of VR cognitive training on delayed memory, immediate memory, attention and instrumental activities of daily living were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion:The available data showed that VR cognitive training might be beneficial for improving global cognitive function and executive function in individuals with MCI, although the effects were short term.

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“…Park et al conducted a randomized control trial to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality-based cognitive-motor rehabilitation (VRCMR) with conventional cognitive rehabilitation (CCR) in patients with MCI. The trial demonstrated that VRCMR can enhance motivation for rehabilitation and cognitive function in older adults with MCI better than CCR [15]. However, it is not clear if the improvement in cognitive functioning in this study is due to use of VR-based immersive environment or incorporation of motor rehabilitation in the VRMCR programs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Virtual Reality (VR)-Based Environmental Enrichment in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Mild Dementia

et al. 2021

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Background: Despite an alarming rise in the global prevalence of dementia, the available modalities for improving cognition and mental wellbeing of dementia patients remain limited. Environmental enrichment is an experimental paradigm that has shown promising anti-depressive and memory-enhancing effects in pre-clinical studies. However, its clinical utility has remained limited due to the lack of effective implementation strategies. Objective: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the usability (tolerability and interactivity) of a long-term virtual reality (VR)- based environmental enrichment training program in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia. A secondary objective was to assess the effect of VR-based environmental enrichment on stabilization of cognitive functioning and improvement of mental wellbeing in older adults with MCI and mild dementia. Methods: A total of seven participants (four patients with MCI and three with mild dementia) received biweekly VR-based environmental enrichment over a course of 6 months. The tolerability and interactivity of the participants in the VR training was serially assessed via virtual reality sickness questionnaire (VRSQ) and recording of input-error ratio. Cognitive functioning was assessed through Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) before and after the study. Mental wellbeing was assessed through Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well Being Scale (WEMWBS). Results: VR-based environmental enrichment was well-tolerated by the patients with significant decrease in VRSQ scores (p < 0.01) and input-error ratio (p < 0.001) overtime. VR training was also effective in stabilization of MoCA scores over the course of therapy (non-significant difference in the MoCA scores before and after the therapy) and was associated with a trend (p < 0.1) towards improvement in WEMWBS scores between the first and the last assessments. Qualitative observations by the care-givers further corroborated a noticeable improvement in mental wellbeing of patients. Conclusions: This pilot study shows that VR can be a feasible, tolerable, and potentially effective tool in long-term support of older adults with MCI and mild dementia.

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Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive–Motor Rehabilitation in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Study on Motivation and Cognitive Function

Cited by 51 publications

References 33 publications

The Effect of Virtual Reality on Cognitive Functions in Ladies With Dementia: Literature Review

The Effect of Virtual Reality on Cognitive Functions in Ladies With Dementia: Literature Review

Effects of virtual reality cognitive training in individuals with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Virtual Reality (VR)-Based Environmental Enrichment in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Mild Dementia

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