Quantum-mechanical effects on electron–electron scattering cross sections are investigated in dense high-temperature plasmas. An effective pseudopotential model taking into account both quantum-mechanical effects and plasma screening effects is applied to describe electron–electron interactions in dense high-temperature plasmas. The Born approximation and the total spin states are considered to obtain high-energy electron–electron scattering cross sections. The results show that the differential scattering cross sections are significantly reduced with increasing the thermal de Broglie wavelength. It is also found that the quantum-mechanical effects are especially important at the scattering angle θlab=π/4.

Objective: The aim of this study was to correlate the position of impacted maxillary canines on panoramic radiography with cone beam CT (CBCT) and analyse the labiopalatal position of canines and root resorption of permanent incisors in CBCT according to the mesiodistal position of canines on panoramic radiographs. Methods: This study was a retrospective radiographic review of 63 patients with 73 impacted maxillary canines. The mesiodistal position of the canine cusp tip was classified by sector location and analysed on 73 impacted canines from 63 panoramic radiographs. The labiopalatal position of the impacted canines and root resorption of permanent incisors were evaluated with CBCT. The sector location on panoramic radiographs was compared with the labiopalatal position of impacted maxillary canines on CBCT. The statistical correlation between panoramic and CBCT findings was examined using the x 2 test and the Fisher's exact test. Results: Labially impacted canines in CBCT were more frequent in Panoramic Sectors 1, 2 and 3, mid-alveolus impacted canines were more frequent in Sector 4 and palatally impacted canines were more frequent in Sector 5. There was a statistically significant association between the panoramic sectors of the impacted canines and the labiopalatal position of the canines (p , 0.001). Root resorption of permanent incisors showed a significant difference according to sector location (p , 0.001) and was observed in Sectors 3, 4 and 5. Conclusions: This study suggests that the labiopalatal position of impacted canines and resorption of permanent incisors might be predicted using sector location on panoramic radiography.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of virtual reality-based cognitive–motor rehabilitation (VRCMR) on the rehabilitation motivation and cognitive function in older adults. This study enrolled 40 older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), living in the community. The subjects were randomly assigned to a VRCMR group (n = 20) or a conventional cognitive rehabilitation (CCR) group (n = 20). The VRCMR group underwent VRCMR using MOTOcog, a computer recognition program, whereas the CCR group underwent conventional cognitive rehabilitation, which included puzzles, wood blocks, card play, stick construction activity, and maze activity. Both interventions were performed 30 min per day, 5 days/week, for 6 weeks. This study performed a cognitive assessment using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale, Trail Making Test A and B (TMT-A/B), and Digit Span Test forward and backward (DST-forward/backward). In addition, a 0-to-10 numeric rating self-report scale was used to assess interest and motivation during the rehabilitation training. After the intervention, the VRCMR group showed a significantly greater improvement in the MoCA (p = 0.045), TMT-A (p = 0.039), TMT-B (p = 0.040), and DST-forward (p = 0.011) scores compared to the CCR group, but not in the DST-backward score (p = 0.424). In addition, subjects in the experimental group had significantly higher interest (p = 0.03) and motivation (p = 0.03) than those in the control group. Cohen’s d effect size was 0.4, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, and 0.5 for the MoCA, TMT-A, TMT-B, DST-forward, and DST-backward tests, respectively. This study demonstrates that VRCMR enhances motivation for rehabilitation and cognitive function in older adults with MCI better than CCR.

Background and Purpose-Clear elucidation of the exact pathophysiological mechanisms of motor weakness in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage has not yet been achieved. We attempted to investigate injury to the corticospinal tract in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage using diffusion tensor imaging. Methods-Twenty-two patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and 24 control subjects were recruited for this study.DTI-Studio software was used for reconstruction of the corticospinal tract. We measured fractional anisotropy and apparent diffusion coefficient values at 5 regions of interest along the corticospinal tract pathway including: the corona radiata, the posterior limb of the internal capsule, the upper midbrain, the midpons, and the upper medulla. Results-Fractional anisotropy value for the midbrain region of interest was lower in the patient group compared with the control group without change of apparent diffusion coefficient value (PϽ0.05). By contrast, fractional anisotropy and apparent diffusion coefficient values of the other 4 regions of interest were not different between the patient and control groups. Conclusions-Injury of the corticospinal tract at the midbrain was observed in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.Injury of the corticospinal tract at the midbrain appears to be one of the various pathophysiological mechanisms for motor weakness after subarachnoid hemorrhage. (Stroke. 2012;43:2239-2241.)