The results of this study call for further intervention in supporting Indonesian nurses living in Japan in their struggle with the issue of communication. The emphasis on language acquisition for personal and professional objectives, and the bridging of cultural differences as well, should be considered in an international context.

Purpose The raising of grandchildren by grandparents is a global phenomenon, and it is common in Indonesia. This is because parents are often unable or unwilling to raise their own children. However, the debate around “grandparenting” is still limited in Indonesia. The purpose of this paper is to gain a better understanding of the experience and views of grandparents on “grandparenting.” Design/methodology/approach The methodology employed was qualitative and informed by phenomenology. The authors conducted in-depth interviews with 13 grandparents who were raising their grandchildren who were under five years old. The data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Findings 5 main themes and 13 subthemes emerged from the analysis of the data. The themes were responses, strategies for overcoming negative responses, the grandparents’ role, the reason for raising grandchildren, and the cultural aspect of “grandparenting” in Java. All of the grandparents enjoyed their roles as grandparents. They felt that they helped fulfill their grandchildren’s physical and educational needs. Social implications The experience of raising a grandchild can be both positive and negative, depending on the cultural aspects in the Java and the family as a whole system. Grandparents require healthcare and informal support to maintain their well-being. Originality/value This paper provides new insights into “grandparenting” closely related to social and cultural aspect within the community. Grandparents enjoy being a part of the Javanese tradition. The supportive role of grandparents in Indonesia is important. However, older adults need to balance the role of “grandparenting” and rest time so that they remain healthy and happy.

Introduction: The aging process in the course of human life is a natural thing. Elderly with age> 60 years who can maintain functional physical fitness will slow down degenerative processes. However, the fact found in the community is that there are still many older people who experience physical deterioration because they do not maintain the physical fitness of the elderly. This study aims to determine the level of physical fitness in the elderly.Method: This study used a cross-sectional study. The total sample in this study was 108 respondents who were determined based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The independent variables in this study were individual characteristics (gender, age, marital status, and several dependents), physical activity, and lifestyle. The dependent variable in this study is the level of physical fitness in the elderly. The instruments in this study used questionnaires and physical fitness tests for the elderly. The analysis in this study used the chi-square test.Result: The results of this study indicate an association between age (0,000), marital status (0,027), physical activity (0,508), and lifestyle (0,034) with physical fitness levels.Conclusion:  The elderly do physical activities according to their abilities and diligently exercise and live a good lifestyle; their physical fitness will also be functional.

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Introduction: Tuberculosis is one cause of infectious death worldwide. In relation to the healing of pulmonary tuberculosis in Indonesia, there are still certain areas where the cure rate is still low. This study aims to identify the effect of spiritual emotional breathing (SEB) on the quality of respiratory function and the modulation of immune response in tuberculosis patients.Methods: The study used a quasi-experimental design with two groups of pre-post-test design. The population was 34 patients with tuberculosis in East Perak’s primary health care. The independent variable was SEB (spiritual emotional breathing). The dependent variables were peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), pulse, oxygen saturation, breath frequency, breath sound, stiffness complaints, human IL-2, human cortisol, IgG.Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference in PEFR, pulse, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, respiratory sound, stiffness, human IL-2, human cortisol, IgG.Conclusion: SEB can improve the quality of respiratory function and the modulation of immune response in tuberculosis patients. The emotional spiritual approach is part of the science of energy psychology that aims to turn the negative energy in a person into positive energy that can help the healing process. This therapy is performed as a complementary therapy for TB patients to improve their quality of life and the control of symptoms

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Introduction. Lack of information in hand washing cause less attention to hand washing’s behavior in children. Hence, health education was needed. This study was aimed to analyze the effectiveness of health education using demonstration method and lecture method with booklet media to improve preschool’s hand washing knowledge and action. Methods. The population in this quasy experiment study were students B class at Flamboyan Platuk kindergarten, Surabaya in Mei 2012. The 28 respondents who met inclusion criteria were taken with simple random sampling technique and divided into demonstration group and lecture group with booklet media. The data were collected by using structured interview and observation, then were analyzed by wilcoxon signed rank test and mann whitney u test with signification value was a=0,05.Result and Analysis. The result showed an increase of preschool’s knowledge and action. Preschool’s knowledge and action in both of groups have scores less than 0,005. The Mann Whitney score revealed p= 0.319 for knowledge and p=0.000 for action. It means there was a significant difference in action of hand washing. Discussion and Conclution. The result showed that health education using demonstration method was more effective than the other. It is recommended for nurses to apply the demonstration method to providing health education especially in preschool’s hand washing. Further, research is suggested to measure preschool’s hand washing by using singing method.