Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus Recovered from Oysters during an Oyster Relay Study

Elmahdi, Sara; Parveen, Salina; Ossai, Sylvia; DaSilva, Ligia V.; Jahncke, Michael L.; Bowers, John C.; Jacobs, John M.

doi:10.1128/aem.01790-17

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The Chester River had the lowest level of V. parahaemolyticus compared to all other sites (P Ͻ 0.05). This might be due to the low salinity (9.2 to 13.9 ppt) at this site, as the optimum growth of V. parahaemolyticus occurs within the salinity range of 10 to 23 ppt (3,5,28). Samples recovered from Maryland had higher V. vulnificus levels, and those from Delaware had higher V. parahaemolyticus levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Seasonal and Geographical Differences in Total and Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus Levels in Seawater and Oysters from the Delaware and Chesapeake Bays Determined Using Several Methods

Parveen

Jacobs

Ozbay

et al. 2020

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Oyster and seawater samples were collected from five sites in the Chesapeake Bay, MD, and three sites in the Delaware Bay, DE, from May–October 2016 and 2017. Abundances and detection frequencies for total and pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus were compared using the standard Most Probable Number-PCR (MPN-PCR) assay and a direct plating (DP) method on CHROMagar™ Vibrio for total (tlh+ ) and pathogenic (tdh+ and trh+) V. parahaemolyticus genes, and total (vvhA) and pathogenic (vcgC) genes for V. vulnificus. The Colony Overlay Procedure for Peptidases (COPP) assay was evaluated for total Vibrionaceae. DP had high false negative rates (14–77%) for most PCR targets and was deemed unsatisfactory. Logistic regression models of the COPP assay showed high concordances with MPN-PCR for tdh+ and trh+ V. parahaemolyticus and vvhA+ V. vulnificus in oysters (85.7–90.9%) and seawater (81.1–92.7%) when seawater temperature and salinity were factored into the model, suggesting that the COPP assay could potentially serve as a more rapid method to detect vibrios in oysters and seawater. Differences in total Vibrionaceae and pathogenic Vibrio abundances between state sampling sites over different collection years were contrasted for oysters and seawater by MPN-PCR. Abundances of tdh+ and trh+ V. parahaemolyticus were ∼8-fold higher in Delaware than in Maryland oysters, whereas abundances of vcgC+ V. vulnificus were nearly identical. For Delaware oysters, 93.5% were both tdh+ and trh+ compared to only 19.2% in Maryland. These results indicate that pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus was more prevalent in the Delaware Bay compared to the Chesapeake Bay. IMPORTANCE While V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus cause shellfish-associated morbidity and mortality among shellfish consumers, current regulatory assays for vibrios are complex, time-consuming, labor intensive, and relatively expensive. In this study, the rapid, simple and inexpensive COPP assay was identified as a possible alternative to MPN-PCR for shellfish monitoring. This paper shows differences in total Vibrionaceae and pathogenic vibrios found in seawater and oysters from the commercially important Delaware and Chesapeake bays. Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates from the Delaware Bay were more likely to contain commonly recognized pathogenicity genes than those from the Chesapeake Bay.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Seasonal and Geographical Differences in Total and Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus Levels in Seawater and Oysters from the Delaware and Chesapeake Bays Determined Using Several Methods

Parveen

Jacobs

Ozbay

et al. 2020

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Two of the isolates (VVEW1, VVKW2) were found to be resistant to 13 of the tested antibiotics. In a recent study [44], multiple drug resistance was reported from V. vulnificus isolates. Twenty different antibiotic resistance patterns were recorded from the V. vulnificus isolated in this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of virulence genes, antibiotic resistance genes, plasmid profile and molecular typing among Vibrio vulnificus isolated from Malaysian seawater and sediment

Drais¹,

Alwan²,

Bloh³

et al. 2018

IJASTR

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“…Multidrug resistance was defined as an absence of susceptibility to two or more classes of antibiotics. Escherichia coli ATCCH25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCCH29213 were used as controls [Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), 2010; Elmahdi et al, 2018].…”

Section: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to investigate the genetic variation of the Vibrio isolates with different antibiotic susceptibility profiles. Plug preparation, digestion and separation of DNA fragment and PFGE were performed using the SfiI restriction enzyme as described in the CDC Pulse-Net protocol for V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus (PulseNet, United States 2013;Parsons et al, 2007;Kam et al, 2008;Elmahdi et al, 2018). To improve the typeability of some strains 50 µM of thiourea was added to electrophoresis buffer [0.5X TBE (Tris-Borate EDTA)] (Banerjee and Farber, 2009).…”

Section: Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marine bacteria exposed to antibiotics can develop antimicrobial resistance (Labella et al, 2013) transferable by mobile genetic elements and horizontal gene transfer and can cause changes in the coastal environment (Christaki et al, 2020). Vibrio vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus are included in the natural microbial flora of the Chesapeake (DaSilva et al, 2012;Elmahdi et al, 2018;Parveen et al, 2020) and Maryland Coastal Bays, and have been isolated from crabs (Callinectes sapidus), oysters (Crassostrea virginica), water and sediment samples (Rodgers et al, 2014). Improperly cooked crabs and handling of live crabs represent a potential route of exposure to pathogenic and antimicrobial resistant strains of V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial and Genetic Profiles of Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated From the Maryland Coastal Bays, United States

et al. 2021

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Vibrio vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus, found naturally in marine and estuarine environments, are the leading cause of seafood associated gastrointestinal illness and death. Consumption of improperly cooked crabs and handling of live crabs are potential routes of exposure to pathogenic bacteria such as V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus. Little information is available on serotype genetic and antimicrobial profiles of V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus recovered from Maryland estuaries. The aim of the present study was to determine the serotype of V. parahaemolyticus, evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic profiles of V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus isolated from water and blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) samples collected from the Maryland Coastal Bays. One hundred and fifty (150) PCR confirmed V. parahaemolyticus including 52 tdh+ (pathogenic) and 129 V. vulnificus strains were tested for susceptibility to twenty (20) different antibiotics chosen by clinical usage for Vibrio species. The O serogroups were determined using an agglutination test with V. parahaemolyticus antisera. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used for molecular subtyping to investigate the genetic diversity among tested strains. The most prevalent serotypes were O5 (33.3%), O3 (18.7%) and O1 (14.7%). More than 41% of all tested Vibrio isolates were resistant to three or more antibiotics. Cephalothin showed the highest resistance (42% and 61%), followed by cefoxitin (42% and 31%) and ceftazidime (36% and 29%) for V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus, respectively. Most strains (99–100%) were susceptible to ampicillin/sulbactam, levofloxacin, piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam, and tetracycline. Fifty percent (50%) of the cephalothin resistant strains were crab isolates. Vibrio vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus isolates demonstrated a high genetic diversity and 31% of V. vulnificus and 16% of V. parahaemolyticus strains were PFGE untypeable. No correlations were found between the V. parahaemolyticus serotype, pathogenicity, genetic and antimicrobial resistance profiles of both species of Vibrio. The observed high multiple drug resistance of V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus from blue crab and its environment is of public health concern. Therefore, there is a need for frequent antibiotic sensitivity surveillance for Vibrio spp.

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Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus Recovered from Oysters during an Oyster Relay Study

Cited by 22 publications

References 41 publications

Seasonal and Geographical Differences in Total and Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus Levels in Seawater and Oysters from the Delaware and Chesapeake Bays Determined Using Several Methods

Seasonal and Geographical Differences in Total and Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus Levels in Seawater and Oysters from the Delaware and Chesapeake Bays Determined Using Several Methods

Detection of virulence genes, antibiotic resistance genes, plasmid profile and molecular typing among Vibrio vulnificus isolated from Malaysian seawater and sediment

Antimicrobial and Genetic Profiles of Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated From the Maryland Coastal Bays, United States

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