Viability of Fat Cells Over Time After Syringe Suction Lipectomy

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the late decline in viability of fat cells over time for fat tissue stored at -15 degrees C and -70 degrees C after harvest from abdominal liposuction. A total of 16 females were recruited for this study. The viability of fat cell specimens was measured after freezing for 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, and 56 days. A number of viable mature adipocytes were evaluated by fluorescence microscopy after staining with fluorescein diacetate and propidium iodide. The glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was measured in lipoaspirates before digestion and the XTT reduction assay was performed. In addition, the XTT reduction assay was also performed on isolated lipocytes and preadipocytes.The viability of mature adipocytes was very low for both the -15 degrees C and -70 degrees C samples after 1 day of freezing (13.3% +/- 7.4% and 12.6% +/- 6.3%, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between the samples stored at the 2 temperatures. The GPDH activity of the lipoaspirates frozen, for 1 day, at -15 degrees C and -70 degrees C was 25.1% +/- 10% and 28.7% +/- 11%, respectively. For the XTT test, the fractional enzyme activity of the lipoaspirates frozen, for 1 day, at -15 degrees C and -70 degrees C was 30.0% +/- 10.9% and 36.1% +/- 12.3%, respectively. In addition, the adipocytes had low activity from day one: 15.4% +/- 7.2% at -15 degrees C and 11.5% +/- 5.6% at -70 degrees C. Furthermore, the preadipocytes had a low activity of 8.0% +/- 6.0% at -15 degrees C and 8.6% +/- 3.8% at -70 degrees C. At 8 weeks, there were few viable mature adipocytes and the activity of the cells was very low by XTT and GPDH testing.The results of this study showed that the viability of adipocytes declined rapidly after frozen storage for 1 day at both -15 degrees C and -70 degrees C, and decreased gradually in storage after 8 weeks; at which time only approximately 5% of the fat cells were alive. These findings suggest that the present fat preservation storage techniques using a -15 degrees C freezer or a -70 degrees C deep freezer are both inadequate to maintain the viability of fat cells.

Procedure, applications, and outcomes of autologous fat grafting

“…This confirms the probability of ADSC in providing an important source for cell based therapy and tissue engineering [154], [155], [156]. Successful cryopreservation of adipose tissue and ADSC can lead to a new era in fat grafting and ADSC-related tissue regeneration therapy in plastic surgery [157], [158], [159], [160]. In cosmetic breast surgery, lipofilling is a popular procedure and will probably replace most of the current techniques for the correction of less-significant breast asymmetry [134].…”

Modern trends in lipomodeling

“…This confirms the probability of ADSC in providing an important source for cell-based therapy and tissue engineering [47], [48]. Successful cryopreservation of adipose tissue and ADSC can lead to a new era in fat grafting and ADSC-related tissue regeneration therapy in plastic surgery [49], [50], [51], [52], [53]. …”

Storage Temperatures for Cold-Chain Delivery in Cell Therapy: A Study of Alginate-Encapsulated Liver Cell Spheroids Stored at −80°C or −170°C for Up to 1 Year

“…The logistical benefits of using electrical freezers may seem attractive in some cell therapy applications (for example, shortterm storage of adipose tissue samples to isolate adipocytes or tissue stem cells for reconstructive surgery down to -70°C), but even after 1 or 2 days, poor recoveries of isolated cells were reported with losses of more than 90%. 22,23 Such evidence also cautions against the absolute assumption that cells stored at -170°C can safely enter a cold chain for distribution in a transporter at -80°C if maximum cell numbers are required immediately on thawing, although this was not a part of the current work and will need careful evaluation in the future. The debate on transport temperatures has been recently highlighted by work in other systems (in this case, cryobanked embryos) where even transition to vapor-phase nitrogen for transport may have coincided with a loss of viability.…”