Vertical interincisal trespass assessment in children with speech disorders

Abstract

Through a transversal epidemiological study, conducted with 333 Brazilian children, males (157) and females (176), aged 3 to 6 years old, enrolled in a public preschool, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of the different types of vertical interincisal trespass (VIT) and the relationship between these occlusal aspects and anterior lisping and/or anterior tongue thrust in the articulation of the lingua-alveolar phonemes /t/, /d/, /n/ and /l/. All children involved were submitted to a VIT examination and to a speech evaluation. Statistical significance was analyzed through the Qui-square test, at a significance level of 0.05 (95% confidence limit). The quantitative analysis of the data demonstrated the following prevalences: 1 -the different types of VIT: 48.3% for normal overbite (NO), 22.5% for deep overbite (DO), 9.3% for edge to edge (ETE) and 19.8% for open bite (OB); 2 -interdental lisping in relation to the different types of VIT: 42% for NO, 12.5% for DO, 12.5% for ETE, 32.9% for OB; and 3 -children with anterior tongue thrust in the articulation of lingua-alveolar phonemes in relation to the different types of VIT: 42.1% for NO, 14% for DO, 10.5% for ETE, 33.3% for OB. The results demonstrated that there was a significant relationship between open bite and anterior lisping and/or anterior tongue thrust in the articulation of the lingua-alveolar phonemes /t/, /d/, /n/ and /l/; and that there was a significant relationship between deep overbite and the absence of anterior lisping and anterior tongue thrust in the articulation of the lingua-alveolar phonemes.

Há relação de hábitos orais deletérios com a tipologia facial e a oclusão dentária?

“…Estes últimos são bastante freqüentes e tendem a perdurar, principalmente em crianças que não receberam, ou mesmo obtiveram de forma satisfatória uma amamentação natural nos seis primeiros meses de vida 1,3,4 . Os hábitos orais deletérios são altamente relacionados com etiologia de más oclusões, principalmente a mordida aberta anterior 5,6 , posterior 7 e alterações de estruturas e funções do sistema estomatognático, tais como, mastigação, deglutição, respiração e fonoarticulação [8][9][10][11] . Outro fator que pode determinar má oclusão é a tipologia facial, que já é determinada, em grande parte, geneticamente, o que a torna fator importante para o diagnóstico e tratamento ortodôntico, uma vez que certos procedimentos realizados podem atenuar ou acentuar a característica facial do indivíduo 5 .…”

Association between overbite and craniofacial growth pattern

“…1 The terms "deep skeletal overbite" and "skeletal open bite" have been put forward to refer to vertical discrepancies. 2 Other authors have used the terms "long face syndrome" 3 and "short face syndrome" 4 to collectively describe characteristics occurring in patients with excessive vertical alterations.…”

Ocorrência de ceceio em fricativas vozeadas e não vozeadas em crianças com fissura labiopalatina operada

“…Melina Evangelista Whitaker (1) , Jeniffer de Cássia Rillo Dutka (2) , Rita de Cássia Moura Carvalho Lauris (3) , Maria Inês Pegoraro-Krook (4) , Viviane Cristina de Castro Marino (5) (1) Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, USP, Bauru, SP, Brazil. (2) Speech Therapy School at Bauru School of Dentistry and Post-Graduation Program at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, USP, Bauru, SP, Brazil.…”

“…fricative consonants [1][2][3][4][5][6] . In normal morphological and/or functional conditions, these consonants are produced with partial constriction of the airway between the tongue apex and the alveolus, and they may be voiced (with vibration of vocal folds, [z]) or unvoiced (without vibration of vocal folds, [s]).…”

“…However, so far, there is no information on possible differences in the articulatory characteristics of fricatives [s] and [z] in the presence of lisping in children with cleft lip and palate, as well as whether these characteristics may be perceived and/or influence the auditory perceptual judgment of lisping. The hypothesis initially adopted in this study is that lisping, when present, presents differently in voiced and unvoiced fricatives, with greater occurrence indicated that occlusal changes may cause damage to the production of alveolar fricative consonants 1,[8][9][10][11][12] , even though this relationship is not always observed 13 or even may not be directly related to the severity of occlusal alteration 14 . Some such studies investigated the occurrence of lisping when produced in words or other speech samples composed of alveolar consonants ([s] and/or [z]) 8,9,12,13 .…”