Vertical flow constructed wetlands for decentralized wastewater treatment in Jordan: Optimization of total nitrogen removal

Recent Advances in the Application, Design, and Operations & Maintenance of Aerated Treatment Wetlands

“…Current research and development efforts are aiming to fill in this knowledge gap. Strict discharge regulations for Total Nitrogen (TN) and E. coli in Jordan, for example, have been identified as constraints for unsaturated (non-aerated) VF wetlands [97]. Aerated wetlands potentially offer increased removal of TN and E. coli compared to non-aerated VF wetlands.…”

Wetlands for environmental protection

“…Wetland performance can be improved by proper consideration of inlet flow distribution, aeration and oxygen transfer, clogging parameters, proper selection of plant type, and recirculation rate. The modification, previously mentioned under the Nutrients section, performed by Nivala, Abdallat, et al (2019) for the recirculating VFCW with attached growth media improved the TN removal by 8 mg L −1 less than the baseline (before attached growth media) performance of VFCW without attached growth media and modification to two-stage VFCW by step feeding line bringing carbon-rich water into contact with nitrified effluent from the first-stage filter resulted in improved TN removal of 13 mg L −1 less than the baseline performance without the modifications. investigated the performance of three pilot-scale CW with different flow configurations (surface, horizontal subsurface, and vertical subsurface flow) for the removal efficiencies and accumulated concentrations of oxytetracycline and ciprofloxacin in a 1-year period.…”

Distributed treatment systems

“…Additionally, the authors included an evaluation of utilizing produced biogas and sludge as a part of energy recovery and found that decentralized management had the lowest Carbon footprint during the construction and operational phase. Nivala et al (2019) assessed how well two vertical flow (VF) constructed wetlands in an arid region (Fuhais, Jordan) enhanced Total Nitrogen removal. The authors found a significant improvement in the removal of Total N as a result of introducing an attached-growth media into the recirculation tank.…”

“…Nivala et al. (2019) assessed how well two vertical flow (VF) constructed wetlands in an arid region (Fuhais, Jordan) enhanced Total Nitrogen removal. The authors found a significant improvement in the removal of Total N as a result of introducing an attached‐growth media into the recirculation tank.…”