Recent Advances in the Application, Design, and Operations &amp; Maintenance of Aerated Treatment Wetlands

Nivala, Jaime; Murphy, Clodagh; Freeman, Andrew

doi:10.3390/w12041188

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…This process has important implications for carbon retention as marsh draining might enhance carbon loss from the marsh sediments due to increased carbon oxidation (Guimond, Seyfferth, et al, 2020). On the other hand, aeration of salt marsh sediments enhance pollutant removal rates as oxygenation can increase biogeochemical processes, including decomposition of excess nutrients (Nivala et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tidal frequencies and quasiperiodic subsurface water level variations dominate redox dynamics in a salt marsh system

Grande

Arora

Visser

et al. 2022

Hydrological Processes

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Salt marshes are hotspots of nutrient processing en route to sensitive coastal environments. Whilst our understanding of these systems has improved over the years, we still have limited knowledge of the spatiotemporal variability of critical biogeochemical drivers within salt marshes. Sea‐level rise will continue to force change on salt marsh functioning, highlighting the urgency of filling this knowledge gap. Our study was conducted in a central California estuary experiencing extensive marsh drowning and relative sea‐level rise, making it a model system for such an investigation. Here we instrumented three marsh positions subjected to different degrees of tidal inundation (6.7%, 8.9%, and 11.2% of the time for the upper, middle, and lower marsh positions, respectively), providing locations with varied biogeochemical characteristics and hydrological interactions at the site. We continuously monitored redox potential (Eh) at depths of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 m, subsurface water levels (WL), and temperature at 0.7 m depth at each marsh position. To understand how drivers of subsurface biogeochemical processes fluctuate across tidal cycles, we used wavelet analyses to explain the interactions between Eh and WL. We found that tidal forcing significantly affects key drivers of biogeochemical processes by imparting controls on Eh variability, likely driving subsurface hydro‐biogeochemistry of the salt marsh. Wavelet coherence showed that the Eh‐WL relationship is nonlinear, and their lead–lag relationship is variable. We found that precipitation events perturb Eh at depth over timescales of hours, even though WL shows relatively minimal change during events. This work highlights the importance of high frequency in situ measurements, such as Eh, to help explain factors that govern subsurface biogeochemistry and hydrological processes in salt marshes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tidal frequencies and quasiperiodic subsurface water level variations dominate redox dynamics in a salt marsh system

Grande

Arora

Visser

et al. 2022

Hydrological Processes

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“…Innovative phytoremediation systems such as Forced Bed Aeration (FBA™) and French Reed Beds (FRBs) can reduce the system area by 4-5 times. These recent plant solutions, in addition to guaranteeing good purification yields and being characterized by management simplicity and low construction and management costs, are particularly advantageous because they reduce the surfaces required and energy consumption and have a greater regulation capacity compared with conventional activated sludge systems, which allow coping with very significant increases and fluctuations in load [61,62].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land-Based Impact of Nutrient Loads and Eutrophication on an Ancient Mediterranean Natural Lake

et al. 2021

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In water management plans, all human impacts on the aquatic environment are quantified and evaluated. For this purpose, lake-related assessment methods of watersheds are needed. The aim of this study is to present the environmental condition along the watershed–lake continuum of Lake Baratz, located in the northeastern part of Sardinia. We provide a method to evaluate the impact of a small watershed area on the trophic state of this ancient Mediterranean natural lake. This study demonstrates the potentialities of coupling simple land structure-based models with empirical ones, allowing one to hierarchize, interpret, and predict the relationships among the watershed ecological unity and lake trophic conditions at multiple spatial and temporal scales. It also demonstrates how the impact of single and interacting nutrient stressors can have a different impact on the trophic status which, in particular, applies to autotrophs, constituting a key response in the ecosystem. We suggest that the stressor hierarchy should be considered as a way of prioritizing actions in the cost-effective implementation of conservation and management plans.

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“…Moreover, the comparison of the BOD and COD removal efficiency obtained with previous studies undertaken by Abi Saab et al [48] and Amacha et al [49] on the same wetland reveals that the removal rate of these parameters has decreased over the years. Therefore, it is worth noting that the implementation of an artificial aerated system is highly recommended in this case, as it contributes to increase DO concentration and therefore improve treatment performance, especially for BOD 5 and COD removal rate [50].…”

Section: Time Course Evolution Of the Biological Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water 2022, 14, x FOR PEER REVIEW 12 of 16 Amacha et al [49] on the same wetland reveals that the removal rate of these parameters has decreased over the years. Therefore, it is worth noting that the implementation of an artificial aerated system is highly recommended in this case, as it contributes to increase DO concentration and therefore improve treatment performance, especially for BOD5 and COD removal rate [50]. Moreover, the calculated BOD5/COD ratio (Figure 5c), from both the wetland inlet and outlet, ranged between 0.1 and 1.0 during the sampling period, indicating a presence of biodegradable material, meaning that the limit of organic matter can be decayed by microbes in natural and artificial treatment conditions [51].…”

Section: Time Course Evolution Of the Biological Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Impacts of Phyto-Remediation on Water Quality of the Litani River by Means of Two Wetland Plants (Sparganium erectum and Phragmites australis)

Karam

Haddad

Amacha

et al. 2022

Water

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Water pollution from human activities is largely a result of the discharge of wastewater and industrial waste into rivers. Phytoremediation, the technique that uses plants to remove pollutants from the polluted waters, is a growing field of research because of its various environmental advantages. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of a constructed wetland in removing pollutants and treating the polluted waters of the Litani River in Lebanon, by means of two aquatic plants, Phragmites australis and Sparganium erectum. Results showed that the levels of the physicochemical and biological parameters measured on water samples at downstream of the wetland were lower than those obtained at upstream. Results revealed that average removal efficiency was 41% for chemical oxygen demand (COD), 54% for biological oxygen demand (BOD5), 97% for nitrate (NO3−), 40% for nitrite (NO2−), 67% for phosphate (PO43−), while it was negative (−62%) for sulfate (SO42−), indicating an increase in sulfate content in the treated effluent returning to the river. On the other hand, most of the effluent chemical and biological characteristics were within the provisional discharge limits of effluent to water body set by the Ministry of Environment (MoE) and Lebanese Wastewater Reuse Guidelines of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Statistical analyses also showed significant variations (p < 0.5) among the two sampling sites along the wetland. Our findings clearly demonstrate that phytoremediation is a viable solution to remove pollutants in a competitive environment and improve the quality of contaminated waters by acting as a sink for various contaminants. The gained experience may be scalable to other sites and environments across the country.

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Recent Advances in the Application, Design, and Operations & Maintenance of Aerated Treatment Wetlands

Cited by 25 publications

References 72 publications

Tidal frequencies and quasiperiodic subsurface water level variations dominate redox dynamics in a salt marsh system

Tidal frequencies and quasiperiodic subsurface water level variations dominate redox dynamics in a salt marsh system

Land-Based Impact of Nutrient Loads and Eutrophication on an Ancient Mediterranean Natural Lake

Assessment of the Impacts of Phyto-Remediation on Water Quality of the Litani River by Means of Two Wetland Plants (Sparganium erectum and Phragmites australis)

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