Ventilatory mechanics in patients with bronchiectasis starting in childhood

Landau, Louis I.; Phelan, P. D.; Williams, Howard E.

doi:10.1136/thx.29.3.304

Cited by 46 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Elevation of TLC is found in a significant proportion of patients with widespread bronchiectasis [39], and is probably simply a function of the severity of airway obstruction in a heterogeneous group of subjects. In cystic fibrosis, however, TLC is more often normal, despite the presence of severe airway obstruction [40,41].…”

Section: Lung Volumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary hyperinflation a clinical overview

Gibson

1996

Eur Respir J

107

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P Pu ul lm mo on na ar ry y h hy yp pe er ri in nf fl la at ti io on n a a c cl li in ni ic ca al l o ov ve er rv vi ie ew w G.J. GibsonPulmonary hyperinflation a clinical overview. G.J. Gibson. ERS Journals Ltd 1996. ABSTRACT: Pulmonary hyperinflation is usually defined as an abnormal increase in functional residual capacity, i.e. lung volume at the end of tidal expiration. As such, it is virtually universal in patients with symptomatic diffuse airway obstruction. Hyperinflation inferred from a standard chest radiograph implies an increase in total lung capacity.The relaxation volume of the respiratory system (Vr) increases in patients with chronic airway disease as a result of changes in the elastic properties of the lungs and chest wall. In addition, a variable degree of dynamic hyperinflation may be present. This results from the onset of inspiration before lung volume has fallen to Vr. Dynamic hyperinflation is frequently present at rest in patients with moderate-to-severe airway obstruction, and it increases further on exercise, thereby increasing the mechanical load on the inspiratory muscles and at the same time reducing their mechanical advantage.Important clinical consequences and associations of hyperinflation include: distortions of chest wall motion; impaired inspiratory muscle function; increased oxygen cost of breathing; greater likelihood of hypercapnia; impaired exercise performance; and greater severity of breathlessness. The symptomatic improvement after treatment with a bronchodilator may be due, in part, to lessening of hyperinflation.

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Section: Lung Volumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary hyperinflation a clinical overview

Gibson

1996

Eur Respir J

107

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“…Th ose published 40 to 50 years ago did not benefi t from HRCT scans, new diagnostic methods to detect underlying conditions, newer potent antibiotics, airway clearance modalities, and improved access to health care. 19,20 Reports document that AREs in children with bronchiectasis unrelated to CF average 1.5 AREs (range 5 0-9) per year. [21][22][23] In most studies, the average age at diagnosis of bronchiectasis was 5 to 9 years, but all series included children diagnosed at , 1 year of age.…”

Section: Predisposing Factors For Recurrent and Severe Aresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Exacerbations in Indigenous Children From Two Countries With Non-Cystic Fibrosis Chronic Suppurative Lung Disease/Bronchiectasis

Redding

Singleton

Valery

et al. 2014

Chest

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“…Lynch et al showed that airflow obstruction was common in a majority of his study group (33 patients) [11]. The cause of airflow obstruction, most likely bronchiolitis, secretion, and bronchial hyper-responsiveness [12,13]. Hansel et al [14] studied areas of decreased attenuation using HRCT and concluded that small airway W. A. HASSAN ET AL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Cystic versus Cylindrical Types of Bronchiectasis on Pulmonary and Cardiac Functions

Hassan¹,

Ziada²,

El-hamd³

2014

OJRD

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Background: The combination of the clinical features, HRCT score and echocardiographic evidence of pulmonary hypertension help assess the prognosis in bronchiectasis. Aim: To test whether pulmonary and cardiac functions associated with bronchiectasis would differ according to its type (cystic versus cylindrical) utilizing HRCT score, PFTs and echocardiography. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study of patients with bronchiectasis was conducted at Chest and Internal Medicine Departments at Assiut University Hospital, Egypt. The diagnosis of bronchiectasis type was based on HRCT findings. PFTs, HRCT score and echocardiography were assessed in all cases. Results: We studied 56 patients with bronchiectasis; 31 were cystic (group A) and 25 were cylindrical (group B). Forced vital capacity (FVC%) and Dlco% were significantly lower in group A (P < 0.0001) as compared with group B; whereas FEF 25% -75% and FEV1 (0.04) were lower in group B. Global HRCT score, RVD and SPAP were significantly higher in group A (P = 0.002) and correlated with FEV1% (r = −0.51), and with SPAP (r = 0.16). Conclusions: Airway obstruction and small airway dysfunction were more significantly seen in cylindrical bronchiectasis. Patients with cystic bronchiectasis had significantly, higher global HRCT scores, RVD and SPAP. HRCT scores correlate with FEV 1% and SPAP and could be a predictor of future PH. Routine echocardiographic assessment of patients with bronchiectasis, particularly in those with cystic disease is highly recommended.

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Ventilatory mechanics in patients with bronchiectasis starting in childhood

Cited by 46 publications

References 38 publications

Pulmonary hyperinflation a clinical overview

Pulmonary hyperinflation a clinical overview

Respiratory Exacerbations in Indigenous Children From Two Countries With Non-Cystic Fibrosis Chronic Suppurative Lung Disease/Bronchiectasis

Impact of Cystic versus Cylindrical Types of Bronchiectasis on Pulmonary and Cardiac Functions

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