Vegetative propagation of adult Ilex paraguariensis trees through epicormic shoots

Abstract

The difficulty and length of time required for seed germination of mate (Ilex paraguariensis), as well as the pressing need for clonal multiplication of improved genetic material, has resulted in several studies related to vegetative propagation in an effort to obtain rooted cuttings more quickly and with better genetic quality. Currently, the biggest challenge is propagating and rooting adult plants selected in the field without requiring clear cutting to generate conditions for the basal induction of juvenile sprouts. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a method to rescue adult mate plants through the generation of epicormic sprouts. To accomplish this, tree branches of mate that were at least 19 years of age were collected and packed in trays with sand for sprouting. Different solutions containing a mixture of sucrose and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) were sprayed in branches at 29, 22, 15, 8 and 1 day(s) before collection. We conclude that the vegetative propagation of adult mate trees is technically efficient and requires no treatment with sucrose or IBA and results in the formation of plants suitable for planting or serving as mother plants for continuous multiplication via cloning.

RESGATE VEGETATIVO DE ÁRVORES DE Anadenanthera macrocarpa

“…A obtenção de brotações com maior aptidão ao enraizamento adventício consiste no primeiro passo na seleção de árvores superiores (ALMEIDA et al, 2007). Portanto, o resgate de material adulto em campo constitui em etapa fundamental para a multiplicação dos genótipos superiores (ALMEIDA et al, 2007;WENDLING et al, 2009WENDLING et al, , 2013WENDLING;XAVIER, 2001).…”

“…Dentre as metodologias empregadas para a indução de brotações de árvores adultas está a enxertia, o anelamento do caule e o uso do fogo na base da árvore, o uso de galhos podados e a decepa da árvore (ALMEIDA et al, 2007;WENDLING et al, 2013;SILVA, 2010). Entretanto, nas espécies florestais há um gradiente de maturação da base para o ápice da árvore decorrente do envelhecimento ontogenético da planta (HARTMANN et al, 2011;XAVIER et al, 2013).…”

“…Os estudos que enfocam o resgate de material adulto de espécies nativas em campo são ainda mais restritos, a exemplo dos realizados para Ilex paraguariensis (BITENCOURT et al, 2009;SANTIN et al, 2008;WENDLING et al, 2013), Araucaria angustifolia .…”

EPICORMIC SHOOTS INDUCTION AND ROOTING CUTTINGS OF Calophyllum brasiliense

“…Among these, coppicing has shown greater effi cacy in terms of vegetative rescue in Ilex paraguariensis (WENDLING et al, 2013;STUEPP et al, 2015a;, Araucaria angustifolia (WENDLING et al, 2009), Anadenanthera macrocarpa (DIAS et al, 2015) and Toona ciliata (PEREIRA et al, 2015).…”

“…Several studies have mentioned the importance of using juvenile propagules in propagation of forest species (WENDLING et al, 2013;PEREIRA et al, 2015;STUEPP et al, 2015b).…”