Various Alkaloid Profiles in Decoctions of<i>Banisteriopsis Caapi</i>

Jc, Callaway

doi:10.1080/02791072.2005.10399796

Cited by 64 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Several methods have been reported for the analysis of the major components of ayahuasca itself (Callaway et al, 1996;Kawanishi, et al, 1998;Riba, 2003;Callaway, 2005;Callaway et al, 2005;Santos et al, 2007;Gambelunghe et al, 2008;McIlhenny et al, 2009;Pires et al, 2009) and for the analysis of multiple components in blood (Callaway et al, 1996(Callaway et al, , 1999Yritia, et al, 2002;Riba et al, 2003). However, no comprehensive method measuring major components and known or potential metabolites, as reported here, has ever been developed or applied to urine samples obtained following ayahuasca administration to humans.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Methodsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Methodology for and the determination of the major constituents and metabolites of the Amazonian botanical medicine ayahuasca in human urine

McIlhenny

Riba

Barbanoj

et al. 2010

Biomedical Chromatography

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Ayahuasca, also known as caapi or yage among various South American groups, holds a highly esteemed and millennia-old position in these cultures' medical and religious pharmacopeia. There is now an increasing interest in the potential for modern medical applications of ayahuasca, as well as concerns regarding its increasing potential for abuse. Toxicological and clinical research to address these issues will require information regarding its metabolism and clearance. Thus, a rapid, sensitive and specific method for characterization and quantitation of the major constituents and of the metabolites of ayahuasca in urine is needed. The present research provides a protocol for conducting such analyses. The characteristics of the method, conducted by sample dilution and using HPLC-electrospray ionization (ESI)-selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-tandem mass spectrometry, are presented. The application of the analytical protocol to urine samples collected from three individuals that were administered ayahuasca has also been demonstrated. The data show that the major metabolite of the hallucinogenic component of ayahuasca, N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), is the corresponding N-oxide, the first time this metabolite has been described in in vivo studies in humans. Further, very little DMT was detected in urine, despite the inhibition of monoamine oxidase afforded by the presence of the harmala alkaloids in ayahuasca. The major harmala alkaloid excreted was tetrahydroharmine. Other excretion products and metabolites were also identified and quantified. The method described would be suitable for use in further toxicological and clinical research on ayahuasca.

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Section: Evaluation Of the Methodsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Methodology for and the determination of the major constituents and metabolites of the Amazonian botanical medicine ayahuasca in human urine

McIlhenny

Riba

Barbanoj

et al. 2010

Biomedical Chromatography

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“…[35] The characterization of Ayahuasca or its plant constituents in a forensic context is mainly limited to the detection of DMT in the brew or botanical material. Conventional time intensive protocols utilizing chromatographic or hyphenated methods such as HPLC-fluorescence, [36] gas chromatography (GC)-or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) have been used to isolate and identify DMT and harmala alkaloids in Ayahuasca. [30,[37][38][39][40][41] harmala.…”

Section: Page 8 Of 35mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of ambient ionization high resolution mass spectrometry to determination of the botanical provenance of the constituents of psychoactive drug mixtures

Lesiak

Musah

2016

Forensic Science International

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A continuing challenge in analytical chemistry is species-level determination of the constituents of mixtures that are made of a combination of plant species. There is an added urgency to identify components in botanical mixtures that have mind altering properties, due to the increasing global abuse of combinations of such plants. Here we demonstrate the proof of principle that ambient ionization mass spectrometry, namely direct analysis in real time-high resolution mass spectrometry (DART-HRMS), and statistical analysis tools can be used to rapidly determine the individual components within a psychoactive brew (Ayahuasca) made from a mixture of botanicals. Five plant species used in Ayahuasca preparations were subjected to DART-HRMS analysis. The chemical fingerprint of each was reproducible but unique, thus enabling discrimination between them. The presence of important biomarkers, including N,N-dimethyltryptamine, harmaline and harmine, was confirmed using in-source collision-induced dissociation (CID). Six Ayahuasca brews made from combinations of various plant species were shown to possess a high level of similarity, despite having been made from different constituents. Nevertheless, the application of principal component analysis (PCA) was useful in distinguishing between each of the brews based on the botanical species used in the preparations. From a training set based on 900 individual analyses, three principal components covered 86.38% of the variance, and the leave-one-out cross validation was 98.88%. This is the first report of ambient ionization MS being successfully used for determination of the individual components of plant mixtures.

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“…Uma das espécies mais estudadas é a Banisteriopsis caapi, conhecida por apresentar compostos psicoativos, sendo fonte dos alcaloides harmina, tetrahidroharmina (THH) e harmalina (CALLAWAY, 2005). O potencial itotóxico de harmalina e harmina foi comprovado sobre diásporos e plântulas de Lactuca sativa, Amaranthus sp., Triticum aestivum e Lolium perenne, com destaque para a harmalina sobre o alongamento de raiz das eudicotiledôneas, em concentração de 5 µg mL -1 (SHAO et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Fitotoxicidade de extratos etanólicos de frutos e folhas de Banisteriopsis oxyclada (A. Juss.) B. Gates sobre o crescimento de plantas daninhas

et al. 2016

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http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2016v29n1p1O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do extrato etanólico de folhas e frutos de Banisteriopsis oxyclada sobre o crescimento de plântulas de amendoim-bravo e capim-arroz. O extrato bruto etanólico foi preparado na proporção de 100 g de material vegetal seco para 500 mL de etanol. A partir deste, os extratos foram solubilizados em solução tampão e dimetil sulfóxido (DMSO), nas concentrações 10,0; 7,5; 5,0 e 2,5 mg/mL. Foi avaliado o crescimento do sistema radicular, da parte aérea e das células do metaxilema radicular das plântulas. Os extratos etanólicos de folhas e frutos de B. oxyclada exerceram atividade inibitória no crescimento radicular de plântulas de capim-arroz e amendoim-bravo, com efeito dependente da concentração. Foi observada redução no crescimento da parte aérea apenas nas plântulas de amendoim-bravo. A redução no crescimento radicular das plântulas de amendoim-bravo pode estar relacionada à diminuição no alongamento das células do metaxilema. Banisteriopsis oxyclada apresenta propriedades itotóxicas e pode ser considerada uma alternativa no controle das plantas daninhas estudadas, com base em produtos naturais.

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Various Alkaloid Profiles in Decoctions ofBanisteriopsis Caapi

Cited by 64 publications

References 16 publications

Methodology for and the determination of the major constituents and metabolites of the Amazonian botanical medicine ayahuasca in human urine

Methodology for and the determination of the major constituents and metabolites of the Amazonian botanical medicine ayahuasca in human urine

Application of ambient ionization high resolution mass spectrometry to determination of the botanical provenance of the constituents of psychoactive drug mixtures

Fitotoxicidade de extratos etanólicos de frutos e folhas de Banisteriopsis oxyclada (A. Juss.) B. Gates sobre o crescimento de plantas daninhas

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