Varieties of sweet sorghum Super-1 and Super-2 and its equipment for bioethanol in Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract. The demands for alternative sources of energy are currently growing because people now are more aware of the many negative impacts fossil fuel gives to the environment. Plant based renewable energy provides potential sources of energy with advantages of cleaner fuel effect and capability of integration with food crop production. Sorghum have been considered to be a highly potential source of food, feed and fuel, especially sweet stalk sorghum that posses both functions as source of food from its grain and fuel made from its stalk juice. Sorghum varieties are well known to have excellent adaptability in marginal areas, especially drought prone areas where other food crops are unable to thrive. The current paper aimed to share ongoing research on many functional uses of sweet stalk sorghum varieties released at Indonesian Cereals Research Institute (ICERI). Among many varieties that had been released were two sweet stalk sorghum varieties SUPER-1 and SUPER-2 released in 2013 that stands out in biomass yield and bioethanol production. Based on various researches conducted at different location and planting season, yield potential of biomass ranged at 30 -40 t/ha with higher yield occurred during dry season. Stalk juice sugar content in brix were found to be higher in dry season ranged at 13.6 % to 18.4 %, and the amount of juice stalk was obtained at about 30-50 % from total biomass yield. Furthermore, bioethanol production from stalk juice after fermentation was at the range of 8 to 10 % from total stalk juice volume. Modification of processing equipment of bioethanol have also been carried out and was able to increased the concentration of ethanol being distilled from 85% -92% to 90% -95%. Another result obtained was able to decreased fermentation time from 14-21 days to 6-10 days. Furthermore, the yield of ethanol from juice was also from an average of 4.95% to 6.75%.

Genetic x environment interaction on agronomic characters and yield components of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) mutant strain

“…The sugar content in sweet sorghum is an important character in sorghum development as raw material either for liquid sugar or for bioethanol. The sugar content was also influenced by genetic and environmental factors (DeLacy et al 2010;Pabendon et al 2017). Similar result was proved in this work.…”

“…Maros environmental condition supported the highest juice content of sweet sorghum than others, while in Lampung was the opposite occurred. Factors affecting the juice content was the interaction of genetic and environmental condition (Pabendon et al 2017). The highest sugar brix and stem juice characters of sweet sorghum on Maros might be supported by the good soil fertility and optimal climatic conditions.…”

Evaluasi Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas Sorgum Mutan Brown Midrib (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Fase Pertumbuhan Berbeda sebagai Pakan Hijauan pada Musim Kemarau di Tanah Ultisol

“…Pada penelitian ini, kadar gula batang terukur lebih tinggi dengan kisaran 14,57 %Brix -18.57 %Brix. Hasil yang sama juga diperoleh oleh Pabendon et al (2017) pada sorgum varietas Super-1 dan Super-2 kandungan brix gula lebih tinggi pada musim kering dibanding musim hujan dengan nilai berturut-turut 17-21 % Brix dan 13-15 % Brix. Hal ini disebabkan pengaruh iklim dan rendahnya kandungan air tanah akibat curah hujan yang rendah.…”

Evaluation of the Use of Energy in the Production of Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) under Different Production Systems

“…These characteristics make sorghum a suitable crop for the production of bioethanol. Its biomass production with a limited water supply separates it from other crops [20]. Based on the above mentioned points, this research determined the agronomic parameters and energy consumed in different production systems of a new variety sweet sorghum.…”