Genetic x environment interaction on agronomic characters and yield components of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) mutant strain

Abstract

Abstract. Lestari EG, Dewi IS, Nur A, Yunita R, Mastur. 2019. Genetic x environment interaction on agronomic characters and yield components of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) mutant strain. Biodiversitas 20: 3705-3714. Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) belongs to cereal plants that have prospects for commercial development in Indonesia, since it can adapt widely in sub-optimal land, and has many functions. However, there is still limited sweet sorghum variety that has been released in Indonesia. The study aimed to evaluate the influence of genetic x environment interaction on agronomic characters and yield components of sweet sorghum mutant strain. Adaptation test was held in 8 locations in Indonesia, namely Pekalongan, Bantul, Gunung Kidul, Lampung, Malang, East Lombok, Bontobili and Maros, from May to November 2017. The material tested was 10 M7 mutant strains and two check varieties (Numbu and Super 1). The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). There were three replications in form of blocks and each block consisted of 40 sorghum plants. The result showed that genetic x environment interaction affected the agronomic characters and yield components of sweet sorghum. Several characters such as plant height, panicle diameter, seed production, sugar brix and stem juice volume of sweet sorghum mutants were greater than check varieties. The highest seed yield was found in MB-1 strain of sweet sorghum mutant that cultivated in Pekalongan site.

Genetic variability, heritability, and correlation of hybrids maize agronomy characters adaptive to dry land, medium plains

“…These four characters have a small ratio between Means Square (MS) genotype and MS error, so the diversity were very small, while the characters that have a very large ratio of MS genotype to MS error were ear length, ear diameter, number of kernels per row and number of row per ear. Diversity in a population can be caused by genetic or environmental factors, this study used hybrids formed from various parents, so that the differences in MS genotypes would be very significant, however, there were insignificant characters in the adaptation of plants in the medium plains, which might be due to environmental factors [19]. The coefficient of variation (CV) is a value that shows the diversity in the population being tested, the smaller the percentage value, the higher and the accuracy of the selection.…”