Variáveis de risco para o desenvolvimento da linguagem associadas à prematuridade

Abstract

Introduction: This study relates prematurity to linguistic impairments. Purpose: To analyze several variables related to prematurity, identifying the risk factors for language development disorders. Methods: Medical records of 98 preterm-born children (1 to 6 years) were analyzed. Data on language development (DENVER II test) and several variables, such as gestational age, length of hospital stay and postnatal complications were collected. From the Denver II test results, the sample was divided into two groups: G1: 28 children with risk factors for linguistic impairment; G2: 70 children without risk factors for linguistic impairment. Regression models and Fisher test (α=0,05) were used for statistical inferences. Results: The presence of peri-intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), maternal age less than 18 years, birth weight less than 1000g and long hospital stay were identified as risk factors for language development. There was also an association between risk for language disorders and the presence of risk in motor and social areas. Conclusion: Prematurity itself cannot be assigned as a risk factor for language development. In such cases, the variables associated with prematurity must be further assessed, limiting the involved risk factors. In this study, the presence of PIVH, BPD, maternal age less than 18 years, birth weight less than 1000 grams and long hospital stay were identified as risk factors for language development.

Early Detection of Cognitive, Language, and Motor Delays for Low-Income Preterm Infants: A Brazilian Cohort Longitudinal Study on Infant Neurodevelopment and Maternal Practice

“…Several risk factors negatively affect preterm infants. Adverse outcomes, such as cerebral injuries (Linsell et al, 2015;Månsson et al, 2015), leukomalacia (Lin et al, 2020), and periventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) (Soares et al, 2017)are frequently reported for preterm infants. Although, more prevalent in the lower gestational age groups (Soares et al, 2017;Lin et al, 2020).…”

“…Adverse outcomes, such as cerebral injuries (Linsell et al, 2015;Månsson et al, 2015), leukomalacia (Lin et al, 2020), and periventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) (Soares et al, 2017)are frequently reported for preterm infants. Although, more prevalent in the lower gestational age groups (Soares et al, 2017;Lin et al, 2020). Often those infants need mechanical ventilation (Månsson et al, 2015) and long-term hospitalization (Soares et al, 2017).…”

“…Although, more prevalent in the lower gestational age groups (Soares et al, 2017;Lin et al, 2020). Often those infants need mechanical ventilation (Månsson et al, 2015) and long-term hospitalization (Soares et al, 2017). Besides the adverse outcomes, environmental factors are related to infant neurodevelopment (Son and Morrison, 2010;Patra et al, 2016;Pereira et al, 2016;Asztalos et al, 2017;Borba et al, 2017;Hou et al, 2020;Lin et al, 2020).…”

Description of the linguistic and neurological findings of twins born preterm at twoyears of age

“…Brain abnormalities in preterm twins, including PIVH and PVL, are generally associated with concomitant neuronal/axonal changes, and may be accompanied by posthemorrhagic infarction, cerebellar injury, and posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus 36 . The risk for language disorders is associated with the risk of changes in motor and social development, ie delays that cause negative consequences for the child's adaptation and socialization process 37 . In addition, the presence of perinatal PIVH, especially in the most severe cases (grades III and IV) is associated with central and language hearing disorders 38 .…”

Desenvolvimento de linguagem e das habilidades auditivas em prematuros adequados e pequenos para a idade gestacional: idade cronológica entre 18 e 36 meses

“…The literature shows that preterm infants have worse performance in language tests and skills such as gross motor, fine-adaptive motor and personal-social compared to term children (1)(2)(3) . On the other hand, some studies report that the language impairment not as a condition related to prematurity but related to factors such as gestational age (4)(5)(6)(7) and birth weight (4)(5)(6)(7)(8) . These last two variables are believed to negatively influencing the development of pre-linguistic skills and language outcomes in preterm children (7) .…”