Variations in Gut Microbiome are Associated with Prognosis of Hypertriglyceridemia-Associated Acute Pancreatitis

Hu, Xiaomin; Gong, Liang; Zhou, Ronggang; Han, Ziying; Li, Ji; Zhang, Yan; Zhang, Shuyang; Wu, Dong

doi:10.3390/biom11050695

Cited by 22 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…At the phylum level, the abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria is elevated in the intestine of SAP patients, whereas the abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroides is decreased. At the genus level, SAP patients show a significant increase in the abundance of facultative anaerobic bacteria in the intestine, such as Escherichia , Enterococcus , Enterobacter , Streptococcus , etc., with a decrease in Bacteroides , Bifidobacterium , and Blautia , etc., and the SAP animal models show similar results ( 2 , 16 – 18 , 20 , 21 ). Furthermore, analyses of the bacterial community reveal that the most noticeable differences in species abundance are located in the cecum and colon ( 24 ).…”

Section: Dysbiosis Of Intestinal Microbiota In Sapsupporting

confidence: 60%

Intestinal Microbiota - An Unmissable Bridge to Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Acute Lung Injury

Wang

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), one of the most serious abdominal emergencies in general surgery, is characterized by acute and rapid onset as well as high mortality, which often leads to multiple organ failure (MOF). Acute lung injury (ALI), the earliest accompanied organ dysfunction, is the most common cause of death in patients following the SAP onset. The exact pathogenesis of ALI during SAP, however, remains unclear. In recent years, advances in the microbiota-gut-lung axis have led to a better understanding of SAP-associated lung injury (PALI). In addition, the bidirectional communications between intestinal microbes and the lung are becoming more apparent. This paper aims to review the mechanisms of an imbalanced intestinal microbiota contributing to the development of PALI, which is mediated by the disruption of physical, chemical, and immune barriers in the intestine, promotes bacterial translocation, and results in the activation of abnormal immune responses in severe pancreatitis. The pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) mediated immunol mechanisms in the occurrence of PALI via binding with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) through the microbiota-gut-lung axis are focused in this study. Moreover, the potential therapeutic strategies for alleviating PALI by regulating the composition or the function of the intestinal microbiota are discussed in this review. The aim of this study is to provide new ideas and therapeutic tools for PALI patients.

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Section: Dysbiosis Of Intestinal Microbiota In Sapsupporting

confidence: 60%

Intestinal Microbiota - An Unmissable Bridge to Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Acute Lung Injury

Wang

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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“…Evidence showed that Enterococcus faecalis disturbed the lipid metabolism (Huang et al, 2018;. Hu X et al revealed that a higher abundance of Enterococcus had a closely related to poor prognosis of hypertriglyceridemia-related acute pancreatitis leading to poor prognosis in hypertriglyceridemia patients (Hu et al, 2021), suggesting that Enterococcus might be involved in the prognosis of hyperlipidemic stroke patients. In this study, there was a lower relative abundance of SCFAs-producing bacteria in POAH group, such as Lachnospiraceae, Faecalibacterium, Rothia and Butyricicoccus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota signature as predictors of adverse outcomes after acute ischemic stroke in patients with hyperlipidemia

Chen

Chi

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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IntroductionThe alterations of gut microbiota have been associated with multiple diseases. However, the relationship between gut microbiota and adverse outcomes of hyperlipidemic stroke patients remains unclear. Here we determined the gut microbial signature to predict the poor outcome of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with hyperlipidemia (POAH).MethodsFecal samples from hyperlipidemic stroke patients were collected, which further analyzed by 16s rRNA gene sequencing. The diversity, community composition and differential gut microbiota were evaluated. The adverse outcomes were determined by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at 3 months after admission. The diagnostic performance of microbial characteristics in predicting adverse outcomes was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsOur results showed that the composition and structure of gut microbiota between POAH patients and good outcome of AIS with hyperlipidemia (GOAH) patients were different. The characteristic gut microbiota of POAH patients was that the relative abundance of Enterococcaceae and Enterococcus were increased, while the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae, Faecalibacterium, Rothia and Butyricicoccus were decreased. Moreover, the characteristic gut microbiota were correlated with many clinical parameters, such as National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, mean arterial pressure, and history of cerebrovascular disease. Moreover, the ROC models based on the characteristic microbiota or the combination of characteristic microbiota with independent risk factors could distinguish POAH patients and GOAH patients (area under curve is 0.694 and 0.971 respectively).ConclusionsThese findings revealed the microbial characteristics of POAH, which highlighted the predictive capability of characteristic microbiota in POAH patients.

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“…Secondly, the intestinal barrier is a factor that exacerbates the inflammatory response to SIRS [ 27 ]. After intestinal barrier damage, the most direct consequence may be the “second strike” of intestine-derived endotoxins entering the circulation and lungs through the portal vein or mesenteric lymphatic system [ 28 , 29 ]. On the other hand, SIRS may be promoted by exosomes released from the injured gut during AP.…”

Section: Exosomes and Ap-associated Alimentioning

confidence: 99%

Fighting Fire with Fire: Exosomes and Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Acute Lung Injury

et al. 2022

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Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a prevalent clinical condition of the digestive system, with a growing frequency each year. Approximately 20% of patients suffer from severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) with local consequences and multi-organ failure, putting a significant strain on patients’ health insurance. According to reports, the lungs are particularly susceptible to SAP. Acute respiratory distress syndrome, a severe type of acute lung injury (ALI), is the primary cause of mortality among AP patients. Controlling the mortality associated with SAP requires an understanding of the etiology of AP-associated ALI, the discovery of biomarkers for the early detection of ALI, and the identification of potentially effective drug treatments. Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 30–150 nm that are actively released into tissue fluids to mediate biological functions. Exosomes are laden with bioactive cargo, such as lipids, proteins, DNA, and RNA. During the initial stages of AP, acinar cell-derived exosomes suppress forkhead box protein O1 expression, resulting in M1 macrophage polarization. Similarly, macrophage-derived exosomes activate inflammatory pathways within endothelium or epithelial cells, promoting an inflammatory cascade response. On the other hand, a part of exosome cargo performs tissue repair and anti-inflammatory actions and inhibits the cytokine storm during AP. Other reviews have detailed the function of exosomes in the development of AP, chronic pancreatitis, and autoimmune pancreatitis. The discoveries involving exosomes at the intersection of AP and acute lung injury (ALI) are reviewed here. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic potential of exosomes in AP and associated ALI. With the continuous improvement of technological tools, the research on exosomes has gradually shifted from basic to clinical applications. Several exosome-specific non-coding RNAs and proteins can be used as novel molecular markers to assist in the diagnosis and prognosis of AP and associated ALI.

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Variations in Gut Microbiome are Associated with Prognosis of Hypertriglyceridemia-Associated Acute Pancreatitis

Cited by 22 publications

References 51 publications

Intestinal Microbiota - An Unmissable Bridge to Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Acute Lung Injury

Intestinal Microbiota - An Unmissable Bridge to Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Acute Lung Injury

Gut microbiota signature as predictors of adverse outcomes after acute ischemic stroke in patients with hyperlipidemia

Fighting Fire with Fire: Exosomes and Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Acute Lung Injury

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