Variants of Localization and Extension of Hypo- and Aplasia of the Great Saphenous Vein in Patients with Primary Varicose Great Saphenous Veins

Abstract

The objective of the research was to improve the diagnostics and treatment of patients with primary varicose great saphenous veins by studying their frequency and systematizing the variants of localization and extension of great saphenous vein hypoplasia and aplasia in its trunk.
 Materials and Methods. The study included 560 patients with varicose veins of the lower limbs and pathological refluxes in different segments of the great saphenous vein. All the patients underwent triplex ultrasound scan of the lower limb venous system.
 Results. Among the patients with pathological reflux in a certain GSV segment, hypo- and aplasia of its segments were observed in 32.5% of the cases (95% CI 28.6-36.6%). Aplasia of this vein was observed twice as less frequently than hypoplasia (p<0.05). In 2.3% of the cases (95% CI 1.2-3.9%), hypoplasia of a certain GSV segment evolved to aplasia, or vice versa. It was found that the GSV trunk may have several hypo- or aplastic regions separated by its normal or varicose segment – bi-level hypo- or aplasia that was observed in 3.8% of the patients with hypo- or aplasia (95% CI 1.6-7.8%). In bi-level hypo- or aplasia, 2 hypoplastic regions were detected in 85.7% of the cases (95% CI 42.1-99.6%) and 2 aplastic regions were found in 14.3% of the cases (95% CI 0.4-57.9%). There were proposed to distinguish the following variants of GSV hypo- and aplasia: 1) simple: total, proximal, segmental and distal; 2) bi-level: proximal segmental, distal segmental and bi-segmental. In addition, for every dysplastic vein segment, the type of malformation should be indicated, namely hypoplasia, aplasia, or hypo/aplasia.
 Conclusions. The study conducted allowed assessing the relationship between the variants of GSV hypo- and aplastic segment localization and extension and different variations of pathological refluxes of the GSV in its trunk for further choice of surgical tactics.

Evaluation of anomalies of major veins of the superficial venous system of lower limb in adults on color doppler: An observational study

“…In a study by Rostyslav Sabadosh in 560 limbs with varicose veins, hypoplasia was observed in 20.4% of cases and aplasia in 9.8% cases (Figure 4). 2

Figure 4.Duplex study showing partial duplication of great saphenous vein (GSV) in thigh. The two moieties are joining each other near SFJ and at lower third of thigh (B).

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“…Persistence of duplicated GSV is one of the common causes of residual or recurrent varicosities even after surgical or endovenous Embryologically corresponds to aplasia-vein is diminished in size and its structure is like that in embryo. 2…”

“…In a study by Rostyslav Sabadosh in 560 limbs with varicose veins, hypoplasia was observed in 20.4% of cases and aplasia in 9.8% cases (Figure 4). 2 Absent GSV: Segmental aplasia or hypoplasia has been associated with increased incidence of reflux disease. 8 In such cases, it is imperative to focus on the tributaries draining that area.…”