Variability of Swallow-associated Sounds in Adults and Infants

Reynolds, E. W.; Vice, Frank L; Gewolb, Ira H

doi:10.1007/s00455-008-9160-5

Cited by 28 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Thus, it is evident an increasing number of studies with the purpose of studying the swallowing sounds and its correspondence with other physiological events in healthy subjects 9,11,[25][26][27] . The latter, relating the cervical auscultation findings with other assessment methods.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter, relating the cervical auscultation findings with other assessment methods. Some research has been conducted aiming to identify the most appropriate instrument to perform the auscultation of swallowing sounds 9,14,[19][20][21] . It is verified in the literature that although cervical auscultation is extensively used by the speech therapists, there are a few studies presenting data regarding accuracy and the contribution of this technique to help identify suggestive signs of penetration and aspiration, which is essential for the diagnosis of dysphagia in the clinical practice for the assessment of both adults and children 9,10,[27][28][29] .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have been developed to verify the accuracy of cervical auscultation and for the improvement of this technique with resources that, besides the acoustic analysis, permit the graphical analysis of the swallowing sounds. In the literature, however, controversies are verified regarding the use of cervical auscultation due to the criteria and instruments used 9,14 , for being a subjective method of assessment 9,15 , for being difficult to establish agreement among the examiners and because it does not contain specific data of physiological correspondence [16][17][18] . Accordingly, the aim of this study was to verify in the literature the contribution of cervical auscultation to clinical assessment of dysphagias.…”

Section: Cervical Auscultationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 1 displays the description of methodologies and conclusions of the studies addressing the correspondence of swallowing sounds with the physiological events. consistency ingested 7 , and the higher the viscosity of the bolus, the longer the time of swallowing 9 . In a study conducted to verify the swallowing sound and the time of its occurrence based on the cervical auscultation examination, the average time of swallowing was 1.19s, 1.07s and 17.33s for swallows of saliva, liquids and solids, respectively.…”

Section: Correspondence Of Swallowing Sounds With Physiological Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the advantages, The use of oximeter to detect the risk of aspiration is based on the hypothesis that laryngo-tracheal aspiration would provoke a bronchospasm reflex, decreasing the respiratory perfusion and provoking a decrease in oxygen saturation 4,5 . In the case of cervical auscultation, performed with stethoscope located in specific points in this region, it allows for the acoustic analysis of the swallowing sounds, before, during, and after the food bolus goes through the pharynx, giving additional clues regarding the food entrance in the lower airway or not 3,4,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] . Swallowing sounds occur during the pharyngeal phase due to the pressure on the oropharyngeal tract with its valves represented by the lips, velopharyngeal region, larynx and cricopharyngeal muscle 6 .…”

Section: Cervical Auscultationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contribuição da ausculta cervical para a avaliação clínica das disfagia orofaríngeas

et al. 2013

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Grants: CAPES/ CNPq.Conflict of interest: non-existent allows the speech therapist to identify: the difficulties the patient displays in the swallowing process, signs of laryngeal penetration and/or laringo-tracheal aspiration of the food swallowed, security in the maintenance or reintroduction of food orally, the best consistency to be used and the possible causes of the alterations identifiedDuring clinical assessment, it is observed the efficiency of the food bolus capture and preparation, the number of swallows, laryngeal elevation, the presence of coughing, choking or other suggestive signs of laryngeal penetration or laryngo-tracheal aspiration, oral escape of the food and nasal regurgitation, length of feeding, the presence of food residues in the oral cavity and changes in vocal quality after deglutition, as well as the need of using postural and/or facilitator maneuvers. To help in this process, most of speech therapists adopt instrumental resources such as the pulse oximetry and cervical auscultation [1][2][3][4] . ABSTRACTIn order to assist on the functional assessment of swallowing, most speech therapists make use of instrumental resources such as cervical auscultation. Thus, the objective of this study was to search the literature in order to find the contribution of cervical auscultation for assessing dysphagias. To this end, international and national journals were reviewed. These journals were indexed in Springer, Lilacs, Bireme, Medline and Scielo databases, comprising the period between 1992 and 2011. From the analysis of the studies, it was possible to verify that: cervical auscultation has been modernized with the technologic evolution, enabling the realization of quantitative studies of the swallowing sounds; there are still few clear evidence of the connections between the sound components of swallowing and the physiological events of the pharyngeal phase; no differences were observed between the swallowing sounds in children and adults; in some studies, cervical auscultation was positively correlated with the videofluoroscopic assessment of swallowing, and others presented positive correlation between these two assessment procedures. Hence, considering that the swallowing videofluoroscopy examination is still difficult to access, with relatively high cost, it is believed that cervical auscultation constitutes an important resource for the diagnosis and clinical monitoring in cases of oropharyngeal dysphagia.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cervical Auscultationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Correspondence Of Swallowing Sounds With Physiological Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cervical Auscultationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contribuição da ausculta cervical para a avaliação clínica das disfagia orofaríngeas

et al. 2013

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Dysphagia and associated clinical markers in neurologically intact children with respiratory disease

Sassi

Bühler

Juste

et al. 2018

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Normal Swallowing Acoustics Across Age, Gender, Bolus Viscosity, and Bolus Volume

Youmans

Stierwalt

2011

Dysphagia

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Cervical auscultation has been proposed as an augmentative procedure for the subjective clinical swallowing examination due to the tangible differences between normal and dysphagic swallowing sounds. However, the research is incomplete regarding cervical auscultation and swallowing acoustics in that the differences between the sounds of normal versus dysphagic swallowing have yet to be fully understood or quantified. The swallows of 96 reportedly healthy adults, balanced for gender and divided into younger, middle, and older age groups, were audio-recorded while ingesting several boluses of varying viscosity and volume. The audio signals were then analyzed to determine their temporal and acoustic characteristics. Results indicated increasing pharyngeal swallowing duration with increasing age, bolus viscosity, and bolus volume. In addition, an increased duration to peak intensity with increasing age was found in one of our two analyses, as well as with some of the more viscous versus less viscous boluses. Men and older persons produced higher peak intensities and peak frequencies than women and younger persons. Thin liquids were produced with more intensity than honey or more viscous boluses, and with greater frequency than mechanical soft solids. Larger volumes resulted in greater peak frequency values. Some of the acoustic measurements appear to be more useful than others, including the duration of the acoustic swallowing signal and the within-subjects peak intensity variable. We noted that differences in swallowing acoustics were more related to changes in viscosity rather than volume. Finally, within-participant observations were more useful than between-participant observations.

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Variability of Swallow-associated Sounds in Adults and Infants

Cited by 28 publications

References 23 publications

Contribuição da ausculta cervical para a avaliação clínica das disfagia orofaríngeas

Contribuição da ausculta cervical para a avaliação clínica das disfagia orofaríngeas

Dysphagia and associated clinical markers in neurologically intact children with respiratory disease

Normal Swallowing Acoustics Across Age, Gender, Bolus Viscosity, and Bolus Volume

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