Variability in wheat: factors affecting its nutritional value

Gutiérrez-Alamo, A.; Ayala, P. Pérez de; Verstegen, M.W.A.; Hartog, L.A. den; Villamide, M. J.

doi:10.1017/s0043933907001699

Cited by 47 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…The nutritional value of grains for poultry varies as a function of grain cultivar, its chemical characteristics and non-starch polysaccharide content, diet physical form, and bird category (Gutiérrez-Alamo et al, 2008). Feed mills usually produce large quantities of feed during a short time frame and reliable values for the nutrient content of feed components are essential for precise diet formulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Feed costs accounts for the largest share of live production costs (Donohue & Cunningham, 2009) and therefore, any mistake in formulation can negatively affect company profits as well as animal production. For instance, Gutiérrez-Alamo et al (2008) stated that the increased costs of production have eliminated company profitability of US poultry producers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quality assessment of corn batches received at a feed mill in the brazilian cerrado

Rodrigues

Stringhini

Ribeiro

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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This study aimed at investigating factors that contribute to changes in the quality of corn used in compound poultry feeds. Samples were collected from 6488 bulk cargos received at a feed mill located close to Brasília, Brazil. The parameters studied were divided into two groups: those related to corn chemical composition, including crude protein (% CP), ether extract (% EE), crude fiber (% CF), nitrogen-free extract (% NFE), and estimated metabolizable energy (ME), and corn physical characteristics, including density, moisture, and grain physical damage. High coefficients of determination (R 2 ) and low coefficients of variation (CV) were determined for the chemical and physical parameters. The analysis of variance showed low to medium R 2 . Month, year, supplier, and their interactions influenced (p <0.05) all chemical properties, as well as density, moisture, and ME. Physical characteristics were less affected by those factors, except for quantity of damaged grains. The principal component analysis separated the physical and chemical factors. The coefficients of the first component explained 54% of the total variation between variables. The first principal component showed that NFE and ME increased as humidity decreased. The second component also showed a decrease of physical problems due to reduction in humidity. Results indicate that the feed mills should take preventive measures when selecting suppliers, and diets should be formulated according to the differences in chemical and physical composition of corn supplied in different months and years.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality assessment of corn batches received at a feed mill in the brazilian cerrado

Rodrigues

Stringhini

Ribeiro

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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“…This not only liberates the utilization of different types of ingredients, but also equalizes the variable nutritional content within whole grain cereals, plant-based protein sources and their by-products [11,42,52,[61][62][63]. The improved feed efficiency of corn-based diets by means of NSPase degrading enzymes was associated with a higher starch and protein availability in broilers [35,60].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Non-starch Polysaccharide Degrading Enzymes in Corn and Wheat-Based Broiler Diets: Dual Activity for Major Substrates

Keyser¹,

Dierick²,

Kuterna³

et al. 2018

JAST-A

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This study consolidates the efficacy of a non-starch polysaccharide (NSP)ase enzyme-concept in corn and wheat-based broiler diets. The NSP building blocks of corn, wheat and soybean meal (SBM, 44% protein) were studied first. Cereal NSP primarily consists of arabinose, xylose and glucose molecules that form arabinoxylan, β-glucan and cellulose polysaccharides. In soybean meal (SBM), glucose (cellulose) predominates, next to galactose and uronic acids that form "pectins". Broiler performance progress using in-feed NSPase enzymes depends on the concentration, complexity and solubility of the substrate and the genetic potential of the animal, mainly. A dual NSPase enzyme-concept for cereal and SBM NSP, predominantly being arabinoxylan, β-glucan and cellulose, was developed. Methods for measuring enzyme activities (endo-1,4-β-xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) and endo-1,3(4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.6)) were developed (AVEVE Biochem UNITS) and preparations thereof (XG) standardized to meet requirements for most challenging NSP (corn, barely soluble). Feed intake (FI), bodyweight gain (BWG) and feed:gain ratio (F:G) were assessed in three zootechnical studies, each using 160 Ross 308 broilers split in two feeding groups with 80 birds/group (10 replicates of eight) for 42 d (starter/grower period). Respective corn-SBM, wheat-SBM and corn/wheat-SBM diets were used as negative control (NC) or added with the enzyme-concept (XG). In the total period, XG ameliorated BWG and F:G compared to NC in each study, where BWG increased best in diets with corn and F:G lowered most in diets with wheat. The dual NSPase enzyme-concept offers ingredient flexibility in present setting by enhancing the nutritional content of corn, wheat and SBM, expectedly from cleaving major NSP target molecules. Thereby, broiler professionals increase feed formulation liberty and safety and production result simultaneously.

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“…Research on feeding value of wheat for poultry is well documented (Gutierrez-Alamo et al, 2008;Ball et al, 2013;Pirgozliev et al, 2015). However, there is inconsistence in the literature as some of the authors report responses on growth performance and nutrient availability to mash diets (Scott et al, 1998;Rose et al, 2001;Steenfeldt, 2001;Pirgozliev et al, 2003), others reported responses to pelleted diets (Wiseman et al, 2001;Carre et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the effect of pelleting depend on the wheat sample when fed to chickens?

Pirgozliev

Mirza

Rose

2016

animal

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Experimental comparisons of the nutritional value of different wheat cultivars commonly use feeds in meal form even though the largescale broiler producers use steam pelleted feeds. The aim of this experiment was to examine the effect of steam pelleting on the performance, dietary N-corrected apparent metabolisable energy (AMEn), total tract dry matter retention (DMR), nitrogen retention (NR) and fat digestibility (FD) coefficients, and digestive tract development of broilers fed four different wheat samples in complete diets. Four European wheat samples, with different chemical composition and endosperm characteristics, were used in a broiler experiment. The wheat samples were milled through a 5 mm screen and four basal feeds containing 670 g/kg of each selected wheat sample were mixed. The basal feeds were then split into two batches and one of them was steam pelleted resulting in eight experimental diets. Each diet was fed ad libitum to eight pens of two male Ross 308 broilers from 10 to 24 days of age. Feeding pelleted diets improved ( P < 0.001) feed intake and weight gain, and daily water intake of the birds. Pelleting also improved dietary AMEn and FD ( P < 0.001) and DMR ( P < 0.05). An interaction ( P < 0.05) was observed between wheat samples and steam pelleting for NR. Steam pelleting improved ( P < 0.05) NR in the wheat sample with high starch and protein and hard endosperm but not in the rest of the wheat samples. Similar interactions ( P < 0.05) were also observed between wheat sample and steam pelleting for gain to feed (G : F) and water to feed (W : F) ratios. Pelleting improved G : F ratio the greatest in the wheat sample with high starch and protein and hard endosperm. Feeding the same wheat sample also decreased ( P < 0.05) W : F but only in the mash diets. Regardless of the wheat sample the values of dietary AMEn did not differ ( P > 0.05). Feeding different wheat types and pelleting did not ( P > 0.05) change the development of the gastrointestinal tract of the birds. The study showed that there were differences between four wheat samples when they were fed in pelleted complete feed, but no differences were observed when fed in mash form complete diets. Research on the interaction between pelleting and wheat chemical and quality characteristics is warranted.

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Variability in wheat: factors affecting its nutritional value

Cited by 47 publications

References 121 publications

Quality assessment of corn batches received at a feed mill in the brazilian cerrado

Quality assessment of corn batches received at a feed mill in the brazilian cerrado

Non-starch Polysaccharide Degrading Enzymes in Corn and Wheat-Based Broiler Diets: Dual Activity for Major Substrates

Does the effect of pelleting depend on the wheat sample when fed to chickens?

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