Variability in Damage Caused by the Mite Tetranychus urticae (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) Koch on Three Varieties of Strawberry

Abstract

The strawberry, Fragaria×ananassa Duchesne (Rosales: Rosaceae), is an important crop in Mexico. We evaluated the tolerance of three newly developed Mexican strawberry varieties (CP0615, CPLE-7, and CPJacona) to Tetranychus urticae Koch (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae), the most important pest of strawberry. We evaluated the effect of three different initial mite densities on population growth, duration of each developmental stage and survival of T. urticae on the three strawberry varieties. We also compared the photosynthetic activity (Pn), sub-stomatal CO2 concentration (Ci), stomatal conductance (gs) and the area of leaf damaged in the three varieties. The largest final density of mites occurred on the variety CP0615, followed by the varieties CPLE-7 and CPJacona. There were no significant differences in the duration of T. urticae developmental stages amongst the varieties, except for larvae where the shortest duration was on variety CPLE-7. The proportion of eggs reaching the adult stage (survival) was significantly lower on the variety CPLE-7. The number and morphology of the trichomes did not play an important role in the outcomes, as they were similar in the three varieties. There were no significant differences in Pn, Ci, and gs values amongst the three varieties in the presence and absence of T. urticae. The area of leaf damaged in variety CPLE-7 was significantly smaller than for the other varieties. Based on these results, and with regard to spider mite tolerance, we believe that the variety CPLE-7 has the greatest potential for further development, and eventually, for use on a commercial scale in Mexico.

Resistance of New Strawberry Genotypes to the Two-Spotted Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae)

“…Attacked leaves are initially discolored and may later dry and become totally covered with webbing, leading to up to 80% yield reduction and lower fruit quality (Park & Lee, 2005;Fraulo, Mcsorley, & Liburd, 2008). the two-spotted spider mite (Lourenção, Moraes, Passos, Ambrosano, & Silva, 2000;El-Shafei & Gotoh, 2010;Afifi, El-Laithy, Shehata, & El-Saiedy, 2010;Monteiro, Kuhn, Mogor, & Silva, 2014;González-Domínguez et al, 2015). Varietal resistance can be evaluated through the evaluation of factors such as mite behavior, level of inflicted plant injury (Petrova, Cudare, Steinite, & Laugale, 2000;Wold & Hutchison, 2003), developmental time, survivorship, fecundity, oviposition rate and life table parameters (Gugole Ottaviano, Sánchez, Roggiero, & Greco, 2013;González-Domínguez et al, 2015).…”

“…the two-spotted spider mite (Lourenção, Moraes, Passos, Ambrosano, & Silva, 2000;El-Shafei & Gotoh, 2010;Afifi, El-Laithy, Shehata, & El-Saiedy, 2010;Monteiro, Kuhn, Mogor, & Silva, 2014;González-Domínguez et al, 2015). Varietal resistance can be evaluated through the evaluation of factors such as mite behavior, level of inflicted plant injury (Petrova, Cudare, Steinite, & Laugale, 2000;Wold & Hutchison, 2003), developmental time, survivorship, fecundity, oviposition rate and life table parameters (Gugole Ottaviano, Sánchez, Roggiero, & Greco, 2013;González-Domínguez et al, 2015). Factors related to resistance to mite pests include morphological characteristics such as tissue thickness and density of trichomes (Handley, Ekbom, & Agren, 2005;Oku, Yano, & Takafuji, 2006;González-Domínguez et al, 2015), as well as the production of defense compounds, which often inhibit mite feeding (Steinite & Ievinsh, 2002;Figueiredo, Resende, Morales, Gonçalves, & Da Silva, 2013).…”

“…Varietal resistance can be evaluated through the evaluation of factors such as mite behavior, level of inflicted plant injury (Petrova, Cudare, Steinite, & Laugale, 2000;Wold & Hutchison, 2003), developmental time, survivorship, fecundity, oviposition rate and life table parameters (Gugole Ottaviano, Sánchez, Roggiero, & Greco, 2013;González-Domínguez et al, 2015). Factors related to resistance to mite pests include morphological characteristics such as tissue thickness and density of trichomes (Handley, Ekbom, & Agren, 2005;Oku, Yano, & Takafuji, 2006;González-Domínguez et al, 2015), as well as the production of defense compounds, which often inhibit mite feeding (Steinite & Ievinsh, 2002;Figueiredo, Resende, Morales, Gonçalves, & Da Silva, 2013). The aim of this study was to compare the resistance of eight strawberry genotypes to the two-spotted spider mite, by assessing injury level, biological parameters and host preference.…”

Strawberry genotypes with resistance to Tetranychus urticae mediated by leaf trichomes

“…In addition, Camarosa and Monterey together with the RVFS#07 hybrid exhibited high numbers of eggs deposited on the surface of the leaflets. Other studies also report the existence of differences between strawberry genotypes regarding susceptibility to the two-spotted spider mite (Monteiro et al, 2014;González-Domínguez et al, 2015).…”

Manejo integrado de pragas na cultura do morangueiro no sul de Minas Gerais

“…Vários estudos têm revelado diferenças significativas de suscetibilidade para o ácaro-rajado em morangueiro (Gimenez-Ferrer et al 1993;Shanks et al 1995;Lourenção et al 2000; A resistência de uma variedade ao ácaro-rajado pode ser avaliada pelo estudo de fatores como comportamento do herbívoro, nível de injúria causado à planta ; Wold e Hutchison 2003), tempo de desenvolvimento, sobrevivência, fecundidade, taxa de oviposição (Sabelis 1985) e parâmetros da tabela de vida da praga (Lourenção et al 2000;Kazak e Kibritçi 2008;Khan 2011;Gugole Ottaviano et al 2013;González-Domínguez et al 2015). Os fatores envolvidos na resistência de pragas incluem características morfológicas da planta, como espessura de tecidos e densidade de tricomas (Norris e Kogan 1980;Handley et al 2005;Oku et al 2006;González-Dominguez et al 2015), assim como a produção de compostos de defesa, que muitas vezes inibem a alimentação dos ácaros (Steinite e Ievinsh, 2002;Mazid et al 2011;Torre Figueiredo et al 2013).…”