Vancomycin and ceftriaxone can damage intestinal microbiota and affect the development of the intestinal tract and immune system to different degrees in neonatal mice

Abstract

This study aimed to determine how antibiotic-driven intestinal dysbiosis impairs the development and differentiation of the digestive tract and immune organs of host animals. BALB/C neonatal mice were orally administered ceftriaxone or vancomycin from postnatal day 1 to day 21 and sacrificed on day 21. The diversity and abundance of the intestinal bacteria, morphological changes and barrier function of intestinal tract, and the splenic CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells were investigated. The gut microbiota and intestinal tissue were damaged, and the numbers of Ki67-, Muc2- and ZO-1-positive cells were significantly decreased in the antibiotic treatment groups. Furthermore, the administration of ceftriaxone, but not vancomycin, led to a significant reduction in the abundance of splenic CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells. Each antibiotic caused intestinal dysbiosis and characteristically influenced the regeneration of intestinal epithelial cells, formation of the intestinal mucus layer and tight junctions, and differentiation of splenic Foxp3+ Treg cells of the neonatal mice before any clinical side effects were observed. The potent ability of each antibiotic to affect the makeup of intestinal commensal microbiota may be a key determinant of the spectrum of antibiotics and influence the health of the host animal, at least partly.

Long-Term Exposure to Ceftriaxone Sodium Induces Alteration of Gut Microbiota Accompanied by Abnormal Behaviors in Mice

“…The gut microbiota of mice was altered greatly in quantity and quality by the oral administration of ceftriaxone in this study. Similar to the result, other studies confirmed that oral ceftriaxone significantly decreased the quantity of fecal microbiota (Cheng et al, 2017(Cheng et al, , 2019Guo et al, 2017;Miao et al, 2020). At the phylum level, the microbiota diversity of the AB group decreased, Proteobacteria became a dominant phylum, and the abundance of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Deferribacteres decreased.…”

“…At the phylum level, the microbiota diversity of the AB group decreased, Proteobacteria became a dominant phylum, and the abundance of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Deferribacteres decreased. This result is supported by studies that ceftriaxone could characteristically decrease the alpha-diversity of the fecal microbiota accompanied with more Proteobacteria and less Bacteroidetes (Cheng et al, 2017(Cheng et al, , 2019Miao et al, 2020). In some dysbiosis and related diseases, an increased Proteobacteria is perceived as a diagnostic characteristic since it is closely related to colon epithelial oxygenation as well as the disruption of the FIGURE 10 | Concentrations of (A) IL-6, (B) IL-10, and (C) corticosterone in serum.…”

Differential effects of antibiotic treatment with piperacillin/tazobactam or ceftriaxone on the murine gut microbiota

“…ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, β-lactams, ceftriaxone) have been shown to impact gut microbiome composition with disruption of homeostasis associated with decreased resistance to pathogen colonization (infection) 8,[12][13][14][15]46 and compromised long-term wellbeing (immune system function). 47,48 Two broad spectrum antibiotics, piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP) and ceftriaxone (CRO), have broadly comparable activity against medically important pathogens, and are routinely used in hospital inpatients, particularly in the critically ill. 5,16,24 As only few studies had done before, 7,12,49 we directly compared the effects of these two antibiotics, administered in doses equivalent to human therapy, on the composition of the murine gut microbiome to determine whether one antibiotic may provide a better clinical choice than the other.…”

Effect of heat-inactivated <i>Lactobacillus paracasei</i> N1115 on microbiota and gut-brain axis related molecules

“…The administered dose for each group was 10 μL from postnatal days (PND) 0 to 10 and 100 μL from PND 10 to 21 [25]. A fixed volume was administered, with the absolute mass configured according to the body weight of the mice.…”