Effect of heat-inactivated &lt;i&gt;Lactobacillus paracasei&lt;/i&gt; N1115 on microbiota and gut-brain axis related molecules

Zhang, Yujie; Pu, Fangfang; Cheng, Ruyue; Guo, Jiawen; Shi, Xi; Wang, Shijie; Hong, Zhu; Zhang, Xiao; Cheng, Guo; Li, Ming; He, Fang

doi:10.12938/bmfh.2019-025

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…IL-6 were further increased in both young and old animals in the antibiotics-GOS groups. Increased serum IL-6 has been reported in neonate mice upon administration of antibiotics [ 103 ]. Although more studies are needed, we could speculate that the effect of GOS potentiated the impact of antibiotics, in both cases through modulation of the gut microbiome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pleiotropic effects of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides on the aging gut

et al. 2021

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Background Prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) have an extensively demonstrated beneficial impact on intestinal health. In this study, we determined the impact of GOS diets on hallmarks of gut aging: microbiome dysbiosis, inflammation, and intestinal barrier defects (“leaky gut”). We also evaluated if short-term GOS feeding influenced how the aging gut responded to antibiotic challenges in a mouse model of Clostridioides difficile infection. Finally, we assessed if colonic organoids could reproduce the GOS responder—non-responder phenotypes observed in vivo. Results Old animals had a distinct microbiome characterized by increased ratios of non-saccharolytic versus saccharolytic bacteria and, correspondingly, a lower abundance of β-galactosidases compared to young animals. GOS reduced the overall diversity, increased the abundance of specific saccharolytic bacteria (species of Bacteroides and Lactobacillus), increased the abundance of β-galactosidases in young and old animals, and increased the non-saccharolytic organisms; however, a robust, homogeneous bifidogenic effect was not observed. GOS reduced age-associated increased intestinal permeability and increased MUC2 expression and mucus thickness in old mice. Clyndamicin reduced the abundance Bifidobacterium while increasing Akkermansia, Clostridium, Coprococcus, Bacillus, Bacteroides, and Ruminococcus in old mice. The antibiotics were more impactful than GOS on modulating serum markers of inflammation. Higher serum levels of IL-17 and IL-6 were observed in control and GOS diets in the antibiotic groups, and within those groups, levels of IL-6 were higher in the GOS groups, regardless of age, and higher in the old compared to young animals in the control diet groups. RTqPCR revealed significantly increased gene expression of TNFα in distal colon tissue of old mice, which was decreased by the GOS diet. Colon transcriptomics analysis of mice fed GOS showed increased expression of genes involved in small-molecule metabolic processes and specifically the respirasome in old animals, which could indicate an increased oxidative metabolism and energetic efficiency. In young mice, GOS induced the expression of binding-related genes. The galectin gene Lgals1, a β-galactosyl-binding lectin that bridges molecules by their sugar moieties and is an important modulator of the immune response, and the PI3K-Akt and ECM-receptor interaction pathways were also induced in young mice. Stools from mice exhibiting variable bifidogenic response to GOS injected into colon organoids in the presence of prebiotics reproduced the response and non-response phenotypes observed in vivo suggesting that the composition and functionality of the microbiota are the main contributors to the phenotype. Conclusions Dietary GOS modulated homeostasis of the aging gut by promoting changes in microbiome composition and host gene expression, which was translated into decreased intestinal permeability and increased mucus production. Age was a determining factor on how prebiotics impacted the microbiome and expression of intestinal epithelial cells, especially apparent from the induction of galectin-1 in young but not old mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pleiotropic effects of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides on the aging gut

et al. 2021

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“…Eighteen pregnant Kunming mice (from the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences of the Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan, China) were housed in a specific pathogen-free facility with free access to water and food in an environment with a12-h light/dark cycle, humidity of 55 ± 5%, and temperature of 22 ± 1 °C. The newborn pups were randomly divided into three groups (n = 6): a control group, an antibiotics cocktail (Abx) and an antibiotics + L. paracasei N1115 (Abx + N1115) groups [ 22 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After two hours, the Abx + N1115 group was gavaged with 10 9 CFU of N1115 per mouse, and other groups were gavaged distilled water. The gavage volume for each mouse were 10 µL for postnatal days (PNDs) 0–10, 100 µL from PNDs 10 – 21, and 10 mL/kg from PNDs 21 to 84 [ 22 ]. Female mice were euthanized on PND21 and only male mice were maintained till the experiment ended (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intestinal tissues were collected and fixed in formalin for 24 h and the ileum and colon tissues were stained using hematoxylin and eosin. The ileal villi lengths or the colonic crypts depths were measured in at last three field for each sample [ 22 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lacticaseibacillus paracasei N1115 (N1115) can prevent respiratory infections and alcoholic liver cirrhosis in elderly rodents [ 19 – 21 ]. Our previous studies showed that heat-inactivated N1115 might alleviate the short-term antibiotics-induced abnormal expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), GABA and 5-HT receptors in the hippocampus of neonatal mice through gut-brain axis [ 22 ]. However, it is unclear whether heat-inactivated N1115 could also protect adult mice from long-term antibiotics-induced abnormalities in cognitive function and emotion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heat-inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei N1115 alleviates the damage due to brain function caused by long-term antibiotic cocktail exposure in mice

et al. 2022

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Critical development period of intestinal microbiota occurs concurrently with brain development, and their interaction is influenced by the microbiota–gut–brain axis. This study examined how antibiotics exposure affected gut microbiota and brain development and analyzed the possible benefits of heat-inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei N1115 (N1115). Thirty neonatal male mice were randomly divided into three groups and treated with sterilized water (control), an antibiotic cocktail (Abx), or antibiotics plus heat-inactivated N1115 (Abx + N1115) for 84 days. We found that while the mRNA levels of GABAAα1, GABAb1, and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in the hippocampus and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), GABAAα1, GABAb1, and nerve growth factor (NGF) in the prefrontal cortex were higher, the mRNA levels of 5-HT1A were lower in the Abx group. The Abx + N1115 group had lower mRNA levels of GABAAα1, GABAb1, and GR in the hippocampus and BDNF, GABAb1, and NGF in the prefrontal cortex than the Abx group. The latency period was longer in the Morris water maze test while longer rest time was seen in tail suspension test in the Abx group than the control and Abx + N1115 groups. In the open field test, the moving time and distance of the Abx group were reduced. Further, the alpha-diversity indexes of the Abx and Abx + N1115 groups were significantly lower than the control. Further, long-term exposure to antibiotics disrupted the intestinal microbiota as evidenced by decreased Bacteroides, Firmicutes, and Lactobacillus, and increased Proteobacteria and Citrobacter. However, N1115 significantly decreased the abundance of Citrobacter when compared with those in the Abx group. These results indicate that antibiotics can substantially damage the intestinal microbiota and cognitive function, causing anxiety and depression, which can be alleviated by heat-inactivated N1115 via modulation of the microbiota–gut–brain axis.

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In vitro Intervention of Lactobacillus paracasei N1115 Can Alter Fecal Microbiota and Their SCFAs Metabolism of Pregnant Women with Constipation and Diarrhea

Dang

Zhao

Xun³

et al. 2022

Curr Microbiol

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Effect of heat-inactivated <i>Lactobacillus paracasei</i> N1115 on microbiota and gut-brain axis related molecules

Abstract: Full paper Effect of heat-inactivated Lactobacillus paracasei N1115 on microbiota and gut-brain axis related molecules

Cited by 13 publications

References 66 publications

The pleiotropic effects of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides on the aging gut

The pleiotropic effects of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides on the aging gut

Heat-inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei N1115 alleviates the damage due to brain function caused by long-term antibiotic cocktail exposure in mice

In vitro Intervention of Lactobacillus paracasei N1115 Can Alter Fecal Microbiota and Their SCFAs Metabolism of Pregnant Women with Constipation and Diarrhea

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