Validation of improved methods for predicting long-term elastomeric seal lifetimes from compression stress–relaxation and oxygen consumption techniques

Effect of various efficient vulcanization cure systems on the compression set of a nitrile rubber filled with different fillers

“…This was important because NBR is used extensively to manufacture O-rings and industrial gaskets for high temperature and corrosive environments. 13 NBR is a non-crystallizing rubber unlike NR and must be reinforced with solid fillers such as carbon black and silica to improve its mechanical properties.…”

Lifetime Prediction for Model 9975 O-Rings in Kams

“…In recent years, compression stress-relaxation (CSR) has become more widely accepted as a better measure of seal performance [14][15][16][17]. When an elastomer is compressed, the internal cross-linked polymer structure imposes a spring-like counterforce on mating surfaces to provide a seal.…”

“…The E a of oxidation reactions common in elastomers is typically between 80-120 kJ/mol [14,15]. When the data are interpreted using a single linear curve fit, then an activation energy of 56 kJ/mol is determined.…”

Consistency analysis of degradation mechanism in step-stress accelerated degradation testing

“…Patel and Skinner [20] reported the change of the underlying degradation process at high temperatures of an ADT of polysiloxane rubbers. Gillen et al [7,8,14] showed the evidence for the variation of degradation mechanism over a sufficiently wide range of temperatures. They also obtained distinct lifetime prediction results based on the consistency analysis of the degradation mechanism.…”